Abstract: With the growing aging population, oral health problems among older adults have become an increasing public health concern. Xerostomia is a common oral symptom in older adults and is closely associated with malnutrition, dysphagia and oral frailty, and has become an important factor affecting the quality of life of older adults. Non-pharmacological interventions are important approaches for managing xerostomia in older adults. However, existing studies have mainly focused on individual intervention methods, lacking standardized intervention protocols, with differences in research design and outcome measures, and a systematic management framework remains lacking. This review summarizes the epidemiological characteristics and assessment methods of xerostomia in older adults, and systematically reviews the research progress of non-pharmacological interventions including saliva substitutes, physical stimulation interventions, salivary gland function preservation, lifestyle management and comprehensive care models, and discusses the main limitations of current studies. Non-pharmacological interventions may provide potential benefits in alleviating xerostomia among older adults. In the future, stratified and continuous management pathways should be explored according to the functional status of the elderly and the characteristics of care settings, to promote evidence-based prevention and management of xerostomia.

Key words: Xerostomia, Aged, Oral frailty, Non-pharmacological interventions, Review

摘要： 随着人口老龄化进程加快，老年人口腔健康问题日益突出。口腔干燥作为老年人群常见症状，与营养不良、吞咽功能障碍及口腔衰弱密切相关，已成为影响老年人生活质量的重要因素。目前，老年人口腔干燥的干预以非药物措施为主，但相关研究多聚焦于单一干预方式，干预方案缺乏统一标准，研究设计与评价指标存在差异，尚未形成系统化管理模式。本文全面梳理老年人口腔干燥的流行特征与评估方法，重点总结唾液替代疗法、物理刺激、唾液腺功能维护、生活方式管理及综合护理模式等非药物干预措施的研究进展，分析现有研究存在的主要问题。综上，非药物干预在缓解老年人口干症状方面具有积极意义，未来应结合老年人功能状态与护理场景特点，探索分层化、连续性管理路径，为老年人口腔干燥的科学防治提供参考。

关键词: 口腔干燥, 老年人, 口腔衰弱, 非药物干预, 综述