Abstract: Background　Given the increasing prevalence of digital technology in healthcare and its potential to drive primary care modernization, understanding medical staff's acceptance of these tools is of practical importance. As the main primary care providers, township hospital medical staff critically influence the success of digital technology implementation through their intention to use. However, research specifically addressing intention to use regarding digital technology in this population remains limited. Objective　This study aimed to investigate the current status of intention to use digital technology among township hospital medical staff and to explore its influencing factors. Methods　From July to December 2025, a multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to survey 1 348 medical staff in township hospitals across Shandong Province. A self-designed questionnaire based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was developed, comprising four dimensions (perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, intention to use, and external support and policy environment) with 17 items in total. The questionnaire demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity. Descriptive statistical analysis, reliability and validity testing, and structural equation modeling were performed to analyze the current status and influencing factors of intention to use. Results　The median intention-to-use score was 4.00 (4.00, 4.67). Statistically significant differences in intention to use were observed across occupations (U=197 360.5, P<0.001), years of work (H=8.430, P=0.038), and frequency of digital technology use (H=49.708, P<0.001). Perceived ease of use (β=0.584, P<0.001), perceived usefulness (β=0.226, P<0.001), and external support and policy environment (β=0.136, P<0.001) all had significant positive effects on intention to use. Perceived ease of use had the largest total effect on intention to use (0.743), with an indirect effect of 0.159. The total effect of external support and policy environment on intention to use was 0.679, with an indirect effect of 0.543, and it indirectly influenced intention to use through perceived ease of use (β=0.707, P<0.001) and perceived usefulness (β=0.077, P=0.040). Perceived ease of use had a significant positive effect on perceived usefulness (β=0.701, P<0.001). Conclusion　Medical staff in township hospitals demonstrate a relatively strong intention to use digital technology. Perceived ease of use is the primary influencing factor, exerting both direct positive effects and indirect effects through perceived usefulness. Perceived usefulness has a direct positive effect on intention to use, while external support and policy environment primarily influence intention to use indirectly through perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness.

Key words: Medical staff, Primary health care, Digital technology, Intention to use, Technology acceptance model, Shandong Province

摘要： 背景　数字技术在医疗卫生领域的应用日益广泛，成为推动基层医疗服务现代化的重要手段。乡镇卫生院医务人员作为基层医疗服务的主要提供者，其对数字技术的使用意愿影响数字化工具在基层的应用效果。然而，针对该群体数字技术使用意愿的研究相对匮乏。目的　了解乡镇卫生院医务人员数字技术使用意愿现状并探讨其影响因素。方法　于2025年7—12月，采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法，对山东省1 348名乡镇卫生院医务人员进行问卷调查。基于技术接受模型自行设计问卷，包含感知有用性、感知易用性、使用意愿及外部支持与政策环境4个维度，共计17个条目，经检验信效度良好。对调查数据进行统计描述、信效度检验以及结构方程模型拟合,以分析其使用意愿现状及影响因素。结果　调查对象数字技术使用意愿中位数为4.00（4.00，4.67）分，且不同职业（U=197 360.5，P<0.001）、工作年限（H=8.430，P=0.038）、数字技术使用频率（H=49.708，P<0.001）的医务人员使用意愿差异均有统计学意义。感知易用性（β=0.584，P<0.001）、感知有用性（β=0.226，P<0.001）及外部支持与政策环境（β=0.136，P<0.001）均对使用意愿有显著正向影响。感知易用性对使用意愿的总效应最大（0.743），间接效应为0.159。外部支持与政策环境对使用意愿的总效用为0.679，间接效应为0.543，并通过影响感知易用性（β=0.707，P<0.001）与感知有用性（β=0.077，P=0.040）间接影响使用意愿。感知易用性对感知有用性有显著正向影响（β=0.701，P<0.001）。结论　乡镇卫生院医务人员数字技术使用意愿较强。感知易用性是影响使用意愿的主要因素，既直接正向影响使用意愿，也通过感知有用性间接发挥作用。感知有用性对使用意愿具有直接正向影响，外部支持与政策环境主要通过感知易用性和感知有用性间接影响使用意愿。

关键词: 医务人员, 基层卫生, 数字技术, 使用意愿, 技术接受模型, 山东省