Abstract: Background　Schizophrenia is a serious neuropsychiatric syndrome with various mental disorders involving perception，emotion，thought，behavior and so on.The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale（PANSS） is a common，highly reliable and effective tool for assessing the symptoms of schizophrenia.Foreign studies have found that drinking behaviors are associated with PANSS score in schizophrenic patients.However，in China，such studies are rare，especially the influence of alcohol consumption before and after the onset of schizophrenia on PANSS score are even rarer.Objective　To determine the correlation between drinking behavior and PANSS score in schizophrenic patients before and after the onset of schizophrenia.Methods　A total of 332 inpatients with schizophrenia were recruited from Chaohu Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University，Hefei Fourth People's Hospital and Maanshan Fourth People's Hospital from May 2018 to December 2018.A questionnaire survey was used to collect their clinical data，including sex，age，education level，marital status，household monthly income，course of disease，BMI，smoking，exercise，length of stay，prevalence of hypertension and diabetes，and pharmacological treatment.Drinking behaviors were also surveyed，and 247 never drank before and after the onset of schizophrenia，32 only drank before the onset of schizophrenia，and 53 drank before and after the onset of schizophrenia，were assigned to groups Ⅰ，Ⅱ，Ⅲ，respectively.PANSS was used to measure the severity of clinical mental symptoms.Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between drinking behaviors and PANSS score.Results　Sex ratio and prevalence of smoking differed significantly across the three groups （P<0.05），but mean age，distributions of education level，marital status，household monthly income，course of schizophrenia，BMI，physical exercise，and length of stay，prevalence of diabetes and pharmacological treatment did not（P>0.05）.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that drinking before and after the onset of schizophrenia was associated with PANSS positive score〔β=4.700，95%CI（2.469，6.931）〕，PANSS general psychopathology score 〔β=6.308，95%CI（2.371，10.245）〕and PANSS total score〔β=12.893，95%CI（5.519，20.266）〕（P<0.05）.Conclusion　This study demonstrated that sustained alcohol consumption before and after the onset of schizophrenia was associated with increased PANSS scores.Timely quitting alcohol after first episode of schizophrenia is beneficial to control clinical symptoms.

Key words: Schizophrenia, Drinking, Positive and negative syndrome scale, PANSS score, Alcohol, Correlation analysis, Root cause analysis

摘要： 背景　精神分裂症是一种具有感知、情感、思维、行为等多方面异常的严重精神障碍疾病。精神分裂症患者阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）是评估精神分裂症症状的常用工具，且信度效度俱佳。国外研究已发现饮酒与精神分裂症患者PANSS评分存在关联，但国内此类研究较为罕见，尤其是精神分裂症患者发病前后的饮酒行为对PANSS评分影响的相关研究。目的　了解精神分裂症患者发病前后饮酒行为与PANSS评分的相关性。方法　选取2018年5—12月在安徽医科大学附属巢湖医院精神科、合肥市第四人民医院、马鞍山市第四人民医院住院的332例精神分裂症患者为研究对象。采用问卷调查研究对象的一般临床资料，包括：性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、家庭月收入、病程、体质指数（BMI）、吸烟情况、运动情况、住院时间、高血压、糖尿病、药物治疗情况。调查患者发病前后饮酒行为 并将其分为发病前后均不饮酒（Ⅰ组，247例）、发病前饮酒发病后不饮酒（Ⅱ组，32例）、发病前后均饮酒（Ⅲ组，53例）三组。采用PANSS评估患者的临床症状。多元线性回归分析饮酒行为与PANSS评分的相关性。结果　Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组患者的性别和吸烟情况比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）；三组患者的年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、家庭月收入、病程、BMI、运动情况、住院时间、高血压、糖尿病和药物治疗比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。多元线性回归分析结果显示，发病前后均饮酒是PANSS阳性症状分量表〔β=4.700，95%CI（2.469，6.931）〕、一般精神病理症状分量表得分〔β=6.308，95%CI（2.371，10.245）〕和PANSS总分〔β=12.893，95%CI（5.519，20.266）〕的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论　精神分裂症患者发病前和发病后的持续饮酒行为与高PANSS评分相关，发病后及时戒酒有利于临床症状的控制。

关键词: 精神分裂症, 饮酒, 阳性和阴性症状量表, PANSS评分, 酒精, 相关性分析, 影响因素分析