| [1] |
王家良. 临床流行病学:临床科研设计、测量与评价[M]. 4版. 上海: 上海科学技术出版社, 2014.
|
| [2] |
Van Poucke S, Thomeer M, Heath J, et al. Are randomized controlled trials the (G)old standard? From clinical intelligence to prescriptive analytics[J]. J Med Internet Res, 2016, 18(7): e185. DOI: 10.2196/jmir.5549.
|
| [3] |
Goodkind J R, Amer S, Christian C, et al. Challenges and innovations in a community-based participatory randomized controlled trial[J]. Health Educ Behav, 2017, 44(1): 123-130. DOI: 10.1177/1090198116639243.
|
| [4] |
Hein S, Weeland J. Introduction to the special issue. randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in clinical and community settings: challenges, alternatives, and supplementary designs[J]. New Dir Child Adolesc Dev, 2019, 2019(167): 7-15. DOI: 10.1002/cad.20312.
|
| [5] |
Kennedy-Martin T, Curtis S, Faries D, et al. A literature review on the representativeness of randomized controlled trial samples and implications for the external validity of trial results[J]. Trials, 2015, 16(1): 495. DOI: 10.1186/s13063-015-1023-4.
|
| [6] |
Rothwell P M. Factors that can affect the external validity of randomised controlled trials[J]. PLoS Clin Trials, 2006, 1(1): e9. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pctr.0010009.
|
| [7] |
Hopewell S, Chan A W, Collins G S, et al. CONSORT 2025 statement: updated guideline for reporting randomised trials[J]. Lancet, 2025: S0140-S6736(25)00672-5. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(25)00672-5.
|
| [8] |
杨葛亮. CONSORT 2025声明:随机试验报告指南更新解读[J]. 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, 2025, 32(6): 752-759.
|
| [9] |
Speckman R A, Friedly J L. Asking structured, answerable clinical questions using the population, intervention/comparator, outcome (PICO) framework[J]. PMR, 2019, 11(5): 548-553. DOI: 10.1002/pmrj.12116.
|
| [10] |
|
| [11] |
|
| [12] |
陈平雁. 临床试验中样本量确定的统计学考虑[J]. 中国卫生统计, 2015, 32(4): 727-731, 733.
|
| [13] |
Chan A W, Tetzlaff J M, Gøtzsche P C, et al. SPIRIT 2013 explanation and elaboration: guidance for protocols of clinical trials[J]. BMJ, 2013, 346: e7586. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.e7586.
|
| [14] |
Schulz K F, Grimes D A. Allocation concealment in randomised trials: defending against deciphering[J]. Lancet, 2002, 359(9306): 614-618. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07750-4.
|
| [15] |
|
| [16] |
Day S J, Altman D G. Statistics notes: blinding in clinical trials and other studies[J]. BMJ, 2000, 321(7259): 504. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.321.7259.504.
|
| [17] |
|
| [18] |
|
| [19] |
De Angelis C, Drazen J M, Frizelle F A, et al. Clinical trial registration: a statement from the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors[J]. Lancet, 2004, 364(9438): 911-912. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17034-7.
|
| [20] |
Detry M A, Lewis R J. The intention-to-treat principle: how to assess the true effect of choosing a medical treatment[J]. JAMA, 2014, 312(1): 85-86. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2014.7523.
|
| [21] |
Sun Y X, Mu J J, Wang D W, et al. A village doctor-led multifaceted intervention for blood pressure control in rural China: an open, cluster randomised trial[J]. Lancet, 2022, 399(10339): 1964-1975. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00325-7.
|
| [22] |
Thankappan K R, Sathish T, Tapp R J, et al. A peer-support lifestyle intervention for preventing type 2 diabetes in India: a cluster-randomized controlled trial of the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program[J]. PLoS Med, 2018, 15(6): e1002575. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002575.
|
| [23] |
Ma L, Hu X, Song L L, et al. The third Intensive Care Bundle with Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage Trial (INTERACT3): an international, stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial[J]. Lancet, 2023, 402(10395): 27-40. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00806-1.
|
| [24] |
中国大学MOOC. 武汉大学-循证医学[EB/OL]. [2026-01-05].
|
| [25] |
Friedman L M, Furberg C D, DeMets D L. Fundamentals of clinical trials[M]. New York: Springer, 2015.
|
| [26] |
Loudon K, Treweek S, Sullivan F, et al. The PRECIS-2 tool: designing trials that are fit for purpose[J]. BMJ, 2015, 350: h2147. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.h2147.
|
| [27] |
Skivington K, Matthews L, Simpson S A, et al. A new framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions: update of Medical Research Council guidance[J]. Int J Nurs Stud, 2024, 154: 104705. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2024.104705.
|