中国全科医学 ›› 2024, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (17): 2077-2082.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0842

所属专题: 脑健康最新研究合集

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

阈值压力负荷呼吸肌训练联合持续气道正压通气对脑卒中伴阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者睡眠及呼吸功能的影响:一项随机对照试验

刘奕罕, 朱宁*(), 薛孟周   

  1. 450000 河南省郑州市,郑州大学第二附属医院神经康复科
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-02 修回日期:2024-02-19 出版日期:2024-06-15 发布日期:2024-03-22
  • 通讯作者: 朱宁

  • 作者贡献:
    刘奕罕提出研究思路,设计研究方案,撰写论文;朱宁负责研究过程的实施、调查对象的选取、样本的采集、最终版本修订,对论文负责;薛孟周负责数据收集、采集、统计学分析、绘制图表。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(82071331); 河南省医学科技攻关计划软科学项目及联合共建项目(LHGJ20220470)

Effects of Threshold Inspiratory Muscle Training Combined with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Sleep and Respiratory Function in Stroke Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea-hypopnea Syndrome: a Randomized Controlled Trial

LIU Yihan, ZHU Ning*(), XUE Mengzhou   

  1. Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
  • Received:2023-12-02 Revised:2024-02-19 Published:2024-06-15 Online:2024-03-22
  • Contact: ZHU Ning

摘要: 背景 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)与脑卒中关系密切,两者并存不仅会影响患者的康复进程,且可能增加病死率。目前关于持续气道正压通气(CPAP)联合呼吸训练对脑卒中伴OSAHS患者的临床研究较为缺乏。目的 观察阈值压力负荷呼吸肌训练(TIMT)联合CPAP对脑卒中伴OSAHS患者睡眠状况、肺功能及呼吸肌功能的影响。方法 选取2022年4月—2023年8月于郑州大学第二附属医院就诊的符合入组标准的69例脑卒中伴OSAHS患者,通过随机数字表法将患者分为试验组(n=35)和对照组(n=34)。对照组行CPAP与常规治疗,试验组在此基础上行TIMT,疗程6周。比较2组患者干预前后的睡眠状况、肺功能及呼吸肌功能。结果 干预6周后,2组患者平均血氧饱和度(SpO2)、深睡眠比例(N3期睡眠占总睡眠时间比例)、最低动脉血氧饱和度(LSaO2)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)、一秒率(FEV1/FVC)、最大呼气压(MEP)、最大吸气压(MIP)均高于组内干预前(P<0.05);试验组干预6周后SpO2、深睡眠比例(N3期睡眠占总睡眠时间比例)、LSaO2、FEV1、FVC、FEV1/FVC、MEP、MIP高于对照组(P<0.05)。2组患者干预6周后睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)、氧减指数(ODI)、觉醒指数、Epworth嗜睡量表(ESS)评分均较组内干预前降低(P<0.05)。试验组干预6周后ODI、觉醒指数、ESS评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 TIMT联合CPAP能明显改善脑卒中伴OSAHS患者的睡眠紊乱状况,提高动脉氧分压、呼吸肌肌力与肺功能。

关键词: 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征, 脑卒中, 阈值压力负荷呼吸肌训练, 持续气道正压通气, 呼吸功能

Abstract:

Background

There is a close association between obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and stroke. The coexistence of the two diseases not only affects the rehabilitation process of patients, prolongs their hospitalization time, but also may increase the risk of death. At present, there is still a lack of clinical research on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) combined with respiratory training for stroke patients with OSAHS.

Objective

To examine the impact of threshold inspiratory muscle training (TIMT) in conjunction with CPAP on sleep status, pulmonary function, and respiratory muscle strength in stroke patients with OSAHS.

Methods

Sixty-nine patients with stroke and OSAHS who met the enrollment criteria were selected from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from April 2022 to August 2023. The patients were divided into experimental group (n=35) and control group (n=34) by random number table method. The control group received CPAP and conventional treatment, and the experimental group received TIMT on this basis for 6 weeks. The sleep status, lung function and respiratory muscle function of the two groups were compared before and after intervention.

Results

Six weeks after the intervention, the mean blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), proportion of deep sleep (proportion of N3 sleep in total sleep time), minimum arterial oxygen saturation (LSaO2), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), one-second rate (FEV1/FVC), maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) and maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) were all higher than those before intervention in the 2 groups (P<0.05) ; After 6 weeks of intervention, SpO2, proportion of deep sleep (proportion of N3 sleep in total sleep time), LSaO2, FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, MEP and MIP in experimental group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). Sleep apnea hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen loss index (ODI), arousal index and Epworth lethargy scale (ESS) scores in the 2 groups were lower than those before intervention (P<0.05). After 6 weeks of intervention, the ODI, arousal index and ESS scores of experimental group were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05) .

Conclusion

TIMT combined with CPAP can significantly improve the sleep disorder of stroke patients with OSAHS, and improve arterial oxygen partial pressure, respiratory muscle strength and pulmonary function.

Key words: Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, Stroke, Threshold inspiratory muscle training, Continuous positive airway pressure, Respiratory function