中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (07): 803-814.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.00.004

所属专题: 高血压最新文章合集

• 论著·人群健康研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

1991—2015年中国成人高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率、控制率的变化趋势及其影响因素研究

姚溪1, 裴晓婷1,*, 曲哲2   

  1. 1.450003 河南省郑州市,河南省人民医院 河南省立眼科医院 河南省眼科研究所 河南省眼科学与视觉科学重点实验室
    2.450003 河南省郑州市,河南省人民医院心血管内科
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-14 修回日期:2022-01-01 出版日期:2022-03-05 发布日期:2022-03-02
  • 通讯作者: 裴晓婷
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0114502);河南省联合共建项目(LHGJ20200061)

PrevalenceAwarenessTreatment and Control Rates of Hypertension in Chinese Adults: Trend and Associated Factors from 1991 to 2015

YAO Xi1PEI Xiaoting1*QU Zhe2   

  1. 1.Henan Provincial People's Hospital/Henan Eye Hospital/Henan Eye Institute/Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual ScienceZhengzhou 450003China

    2.Cardiovascular DepartmentHenan Provincial People's HospitalZhengzhou 450003China

    *Corresponding authorPEI XiaotingAssistant professorE-mailpxt15239273363@163.com

  • Received:2021-09-14 Revised:2022-01-01 Published:2022-03-05 Online:2022-03-02

摘要: 背景高血压是我国常见的慢性非传染性疾病之一,也是冠状动脉粥样硬化、脑卒中等多种心脑血管疾病的危险因素。近年来,高血压患病率不断增高,而治疗率和控制率却处于较低水平,已成为我国主要的公共卫生问题之一。目的了解1991—2015年中国成人高血压的患病率、知晓率、治疗率、控制率的变化特征。方法利用1991—2015年中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)9轮的调查数据,选择≥18岁且年龄、性别和血压值数据完整的研究对象。收集研究对象的人口学特征、吸烟情况、饮酒情况、身高、体质量、腰围、血压值和疾病史等资料。分析25年间我国成人高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率的变化趋势及其影响因素。结果1991年,我国成人高血压的患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为14.77%(1 291/8 743)、27.58%(356/1 291)、15.80%(204/1 291)、5.89%(76/1 291),2015年分别为32.67%(4 520/13 834)、48.08%(2 173/4 520)、40.51%(1 831/4 520)、14.65%(662/4 520)。1991—2015年,我国成人高血压患病率基本呈上升趋势,知晓率、治疗率和控制率2000年之后开始呈现上升趋势。25年间,我国成人高血压的患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率在不同年龄、性别、行为习惯、知识水平等因素上存在差异。结论我国高血压患病率在不断增加,虽然治疗率和控制率也在增加,但仍处于较低水平,因此需要有关部门采取措施提高居民高血压的治疗和控制水平,以延缓其发展。

关键词: 高血压, 成年人, 患病率, 知晓率, 治疗率, 控制率, 变化趋势, 影响因素分析

Abstract: Background

As a major common chronic noncommunicable in Chinese adults, hypertension is associated with increased risk of a variety of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as coronary atherosclerosis and stroke. Hypertension has become a major public health issue in China due to increasing prevalence but low treatment and control rates.

Objective

To estimate the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rates of hypertension in Chinese adults from 1991 to 2015.

Methods

Data were collected from nine waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey conducted between 1991—2015, involving adults (≥18 years old) with complete information, including age, sex, blood pressure values, demographic characteristics, smoking, drinking status, height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure value and disease history. The trends of hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rates and associated factors in adults during the period of 25 years were analyzed.

Results

In 1991, the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control ratesof hypertension in adults were 14.77% (1 291/8 743) , 27.58% (356/1 291) , 15.80% (204/1 291) , and 5.89% (76/1 291) , respectively, while these four indicators in 2015 were 32.67% (4 520/13 834) , 48.08% (2 173/4 520) , 40.51% (1 831/4 520) , and 14.65% (662/4 520) , respectively. There was an increasing tread for prevalence of hypertension from 1991 to 2015. Increasing trends of awareness, treatment and control rates were found from 2000 to 2015. The prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rates of hypertension were alwaysaffected by age, gender, behavior habits, knowledge level and other factors.

Conclusion

The treatment and control rates of hypertension in Chinese adults are increasing, but still relatively lower in comparison to its increasing prevalence. So it is recommended for relevant government departments to take measures to enhance hypertension treatment and control rates in adults, so that the progression of hypertension would be delayed.

Key words: Hypertension, Adult, Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment rate, Control rate, Secular trend, Root cause analysis

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