中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (06): 656-662.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.02.085

• 临床热点·肠病 • 上一篇    下一篇

炎症性肠病患者疾病获益感的潜在剖面分析

孙彩云1, 林征1,2,*, 周美景1, 顾子君1, 罗丹3, 王咪1, 顾珺怡1, 朱展慧1   

  1. 1.211166 江苏省南京市,南京医科大学护理学院
    2.210029 江苏省南京市,南京医科大学第一附属医院护理部
    3.100191 北京市,北京大学护理学院
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-04 修回日期:2021-10-09 出版日期:2022-02-20 发布日期:2022-01-25
  • 通讯作者: 林征
  • 基金资助:
    江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(苏政办发〔2018〕87号);"十三五"江苏省重点学科项目(苏教研〔2016〕9号);江苏省"333高层次人才培养工程"(BRA2020069);江苏省人民医院"临床能力提升工程"(JSPH-NB-2020-1)

Latent Profile Analysis of Benefit Finding in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

SUN Caiyun1LIN Zheng12*ZHOU Meijing1GU Zijun1LUO Dan3WANG Mi1GU Junyi1ZHU Zhanhui1   

  1. 1.School of NursingNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China

    2.Nursing Departmentthe First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China

    3.School of NursingPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China

    *Corresponding authorLIN ZhengChief superintendent nurseMaster supervisorE-maillinzheng100@163.com

  • Received:2021-08-04 Revised:2021-10-09 Published:2022-02-20 Online:2022-01-25

摘要: 背景炎症性肠病(IBD)患者因疾病症状反复发作且迁延不愈易产生多种负性情绪。随着积极心理学的兴起,学者发现个体在患病过程中除了产生负性情绪,还会对压力性事件进行认知重评,探寻疾病给自身带来的积极意义,即疾病获益感。目的探究IBD患者疾病获益感的潜在类别,并分析IBD患者疾病获益感的影响因素。方法本研究为横断面研究,采用便利抽样法选取2020年9月至2021年4月在南京医科大学第一附属医院门诊就诊或住院的IBD患者为研究对象。使用一般资料调查表、修订版疾病获益感量表(BFS)、中文版伯克利情绪表达量表(BEQ)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)进行调查。采用有序多分类Logistic回归分析探讨疾病获益感潜在类别的影响因素。结果共回收问卷230份,有效问卷226份,有效回收率为98.3%。根据IBD患者疾病获益感的评估结果拟合潜在类别模型,最终得到IBD患者疾病获益感可分为3个类别,分别定义为低获益-应对无力组〔115例(50.9%)〕、中等获益组〔64例(28.3%)〕和高获益-感知被爱组〔47例(20.8%)〕。三组患者职业状态、家庭年收入、疾病活动度、中文版BEQ及各维度、SSRS及各维度得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。有序多分类Logistic回归分析结果显示,正性情绪表达〔OR=1.246,95%CI(1.040,1.492)〕、负性情绪表达〔OR=1.206,95%CI(1.038,1.402)〕及主观支持〔OR=2.746,95%CI(2.114,3.565)〕是IBD患者疾病获益感的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论IBD患者疾病获益感存在明显的分类特征,其中低获益-应对无力组患者占比较大(50.9%),且患者疾病获益感的影响因素包括正性情绪表达、负性情绪表达和主观支持,因此需重点关注疾病获益感为低获益-应对无力的患者,鼓励其表达疾病相关感受并促进其对社会支持的感知,以提高患者的疾病获益感。

关键词: 炎性肠疾病, 疾病获益感, 潜在剖面分析, 社会支持, 情绪, 影响因素分析

Abstract: Background

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are vulnerable to a variety of negative emotions due to recurrence of disease symptoms and prolonged unhealing. With the rise of positive psychology, scholars have discovered that in addition to the perceived negative emotions in the process of illness, individuals also conduct cognitive reappraisal on stressful events and explore the positive meaning brought by the disease, that is, benefit finding.

Objective

To explore the potential categories and influencing factors of benefit finding in patients with IBD.

Methods

A cross-sectional investigation was conducted among outpatients and inpatients with IBD selected by convenient sampling from the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University from September 2020 to April 2021. The General Demographic Information questionnaire, Revised Chinese Version of Benefit Finding Scale (BFS-RC), Chinese Version of Berkeley Expressivity Questionnaire (BEQ), and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) were administered to the participants. We applied ordinal and multinomial Logistic regression analyses to identify the factors associated with the potential categories of benefit finding.

Results

A total of 226 of the 230 returned questionnaires were valid, resulting an effective response rate of 98.3%. According to the results of latent profile analysis, we classified the respondents into three categories by benefit finding, namely low benefit finding-coping disability group (n=115), moderate benefit finding group (n=64) and high benefit finding-perceived loved group (n=47), accounting for 50.9%, 28.3%, and 20.8% of the total respondents, respectively. Three groups showed statistically significant differences in employment status, annual household income, disease activity, total score and dimension scores of Chinese Version of BEQ and SSRS (P<0.05). Ordinal and multinomial Logistic regression analyses showed that positive emotion expression score 〔OR=1.246, 95%CI (1.040, 1.492) 〕, negative emotion expression score 〔OR=1.206, 95%CI (1.038, 1.402) 〕, and perceived support score〔OR=2.746, 95%CI (2.114, 3.565) 〕were associated with benefit finding in patients with IBD (P<0.05) .

Conclusion

Patients with IBD had obvious differences in characteristics by benefit finding. Low benefit finding-coping disability group accounted for a relatively larger proportion (50.9%). The influencing factors involved positive emotion expression, negative emotion expression and perceived support. To improve benefit finding of these patients, medical workers should pay more attention to those with low benefit finding-coping disability, encourage them to express disease related feelings and promote their perception of social support.

Key words: Inflammatory bowel diseases, Benefit finding, Latent profile analysis, Social support, Emotions, Root cause analysis

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