Chinese General Practice ›› 2026, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (25): 3599-3607.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2026.0028

Special Issue: 内分泌代谢性疾病最新文章合辑

• General Practice/Community Health Service·Focus on Health Service Utilization • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Impact of Basic Public Health Service Management on Hospitalization Economic Burden and Survival Outcomes in Patients: a Study of Hospitalized Patients with Diabetes

  

  1. 1. Center for Project Supervision and Management National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China
    2. Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 451400, China
    3. Henan Provincial Primary Hypertension Management Guidance Center/Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Health Management/Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital/Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 451400, China
    4. Primary Health Department, Henan Provincial Health Commission, Zhengzhou 450046, China
    5. The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Primary Diabetes Management Guidance Center, Zhengzhou 450052, China
    6. Xinyu Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xinyu 338099, China
  • Received:2026-02-10 Revised:2026-05-20 Published:2026-09-05 Online:2026-08-11
  • Contact: LIAO Lijuan
  • About author:

    PAN Hao and QIU Yong are co-first authors

基本公共卫生服务管理对患者住院经济负担及生存结局的影响研究:以糖尿病住院患者为例

  

  1. 1.100191 北京市,国家卫生健康委项目资金监管服务中心
    2.451400 河南省郑州市,郑州大学公共卫生学院社会医学与卫生事业管理学教研室
    3.451400 河南省郑州市,郑州大学华中阜外医院 阜外华中心血管病医院 河南省慢病健康管理重点实验室 河南省基层高血压管理指导中心
    4.450046 河南省郑州市,河南省卫生健康委员会基层卫生健康处
    5.450052 河南省郑州市,郑州大学第五附属医院 河南省基层糖尿病管理指导中心
    6.338099 江西省新余市疾病预防控制中心
  • 通讯作者: 廖丽娟
  • 作者简介:

    潘昊与邱勇为共同第一作者

    作者贡献:

    潘昊、刘荣梅负责论文设计、撰写与修订;邱勇、李毅负责分析框架、文献整理、统计分析及论文撰写;戴能光、金彤负责数据收集;桑艳红、郭智萍负责专业咨询与论文修改;廖丽娟负责论文审阅和修订。

  • 基金资助:
    河南省重大科技专项(241100310300)

Abstract:

Background

The National Basic Public Health Service Program aims to reduce the long-term burden on patients with chronic diseases. However, whether it can effectively reduce hospitalization costs and improve long-term survival outcomes remains to be systematically evaluated.

Objective

Using hospitalized patients with diabetes as an example, to assess the impact of standardized basic public health service management on hospitalization costs and mortality outcomes.

Methods

Medical record homepage data, Basic Public Health Service Program data, and mortality registration data from 10 counties in Henan Province from 2019 to 2024 were selected using cluster random sampling. A comparable cohort was constructed using propensity score matching (PSM). In the matched sample, multiple linear regression was used to analyze the effect of inclusion in standardized basic public health service management on hospitalization costs among patients with diabetes. Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves and time-stratified Cox regression were used to evaluate its impact on all-cause mortality, diabetes-related mortality, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality.

Results

A total of 121 869 patients with diabetes were included, including 52 329 patients who were enrolled in standardized basic public health service management (management group) and 69 540 who were not (non-management group); 14 027 patients were in the death group and 107 842 in the survival group. Before matching, baseline characteristics differed between the management group and non-management group. After PSM, each group contained 52 329 patients, and all covariates were well balanced. Multiple linear regression analysis of factors affecting hospitalization costs in patients with diabetes showed that hospitalization costs in the management group were reduced by 2.86% compared with the non-management group (95%CI=2.08%-3.63%, P<0.001); sensitivity analysis yielded consistent results. The KM curves showed that the all-cause mortality rate, diabetes-related mortality rate, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality rate were all lower in the management group than in the non-management group (P<0.001). Time-stratified Cox regression showed that during follow-up <1 year, the HRs for all-cause mortality, diabetes mortality, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality in the management group were 0.19, 0.20, and 0.19, respectively, corresponding to mortality risk reductions of 81%, 80%, and 81%; during follow-up 1-2 years, the HRs for the three mortality outcomes were 0.22, 0.26, and 0.22, respectively, corresponding to risk reductions of 78%, 74%, and 78%; during follow-up >2 years, the HRs for the three mortality outcomes were 0.41, 0.43, and 0.41, respectively, corresponding to risk reductions of 59%, 57%, and 59%.

Conclusion

Inclusion in basic public health service management is associated with lower hospitalization costs and lower risks of all-cause mortality, diabetes mortality, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality among county-level hospitalized patients with diabetes, and the association with mortality risk varies across follow-up stages. It is recommended to continuously promote basic public health service management, pay attention to patients with a higher hospitalization economic burden and a higher risk of diabetes complications, and strengthen early identification, standardized referral, and continuous follow-up of high-risk diabetic complications at the primary care level, so as to further consolidate its benefits in reducing hospitalization economic burden and improving survival outcomes.

Key words: Public health administration, National basic public health services, Fees, medical, Hospitalization expenses, Patient outcome assessment, Diabetes mellitus

摘要:

背景

国家基本公共卫生服务项目(简称基本公卫)旨在减轻慢性病患者长期负担,但其能否有效降低患者住院费用并改善其长期生存结局,仍有待进一步系统评估。

目的

以糖尿病住院患者为例,评估基本公卫规范管理对糖尿病患者住院费用及生存结局的影响。

方法

采用整群随机抽样法抽取河南省10县2019—2024年病案首页、基本公卫及死亡登记数据,采用倾向性评分匹配法(PSM)构建可比队列;在匹配样本中,运用多元线性回归分析基本公卫规范管理对糖尿病患者住院费用的影响,并采用Kaplan-Meier(KM)曲线与时间分段Cox比例风险回归模型评估其对全因死亡、糖尿病死亡及心脑血管疾病死亡风险的影响。

结果

共纳入121 869例糖尿病患者,其中纳入基本公卫规范管理者(纳入管理组)52 329例,未纳入基本公卫规范管理者(未纳入管理组)69 540例;死亡组(14 027例),生存组(107 842例)。匹配前纳入管理组和未纳入管理组基线特征比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),经PSM后两组各52 329例,两组协变量具有均衡性。糖尿病住院费用影响因素的多元线性回归分析结果显示,纳入管理组住院费用较未纳入管理组降低2.86%(95%CI=2.08%~3.63%,P<0.001);敏感性分析结果方向一致。KM曲线显示,纳入管理组全因死亡率、糖尿病死亡率及心脑血管疾病死亡率均低于未纳入管理组(P<0.001)。时间分段Cox比例风险回归分析结果显示,随访<1年,纳入管理组全因死亡、糖尿病死亡及心脑血管疾病死亡风险的HR分别为0.19、0.20和0.19,对应死亡风险分别降低81%、80%和81%;随访1~2年,3类死亡结局的HR分别为0.22、0.26和0.22,对应死亡风险分别降低78%、74%和78%;随访>2年,3类死亡结局的HR分别为0.41、0.43和0.41,对应死亡风险分别降低59%、57%和59%。

结论

纳入基本公卫规范管理与县域糖尿病住院患者较低的住院费用及较低的全因死亡、糖尿病死亡和心脑血管疾病死亡风险相关,且其与死亡风险的关联在不同随访阶段存在差异。建议持续推进基本公共卫生服务管理,关注住院经济负担较高和糖尿病并发症风险较高的患者,强化基层对糖尿病高危并发症的早期识别、规范转诊和连续追踪,以进一步巩固其在减轻住院经济负担和改善生存结局方面的效益。

关键词: 公共卫生管理, 国家基本公共卫生服务项目, 费用,医疗, 住院费用, 患者结局评价, 糖尿病