Chinese General Practice ›› 2023, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (28): 3526-3532.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0026

Special Issue: 老年人群健康最新文章合集 共病最新文章合集 全民健康最新文章合集 老年问题最新文章合集

• Original Research·Foucus on Health Status in Middle-aged and Older Populations • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Association of Health Promotion Behaviors and Multimorbidity in the Elderly in Ningxia

  

  1. 1. Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
    2. Shizuishan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shizuishan 753000, China
  • Received:2023-01-10 Revised:2023-05-25 Published:2023-10-05 Online:2023-06-08
  • Contact: ZHENG Jianzhong, TONG Yan

宁夏回族自治区老年人健康促进行为与慢性病共病的关联分析

  

  1. 1.030001 山西省太原市,山西医科大学公共卫生学院社会医学教研室
    2.753000 宁夏回族自治区石嘴山市疾病预防控制中心
  • 通讯作者: 郑建中, 佟岩
  • 作者简介:
    作者贡献:何昱铮负责研究的构思与设计、数据校对、统计分析和撰写论文初稿;于吉庆参与数据的整理;郑建中、佟岩负责论文的质量控制,对文章整体负责。
  • 基金资助:
    宁夏自然科学基金资助项目(2020AAC03504)

Abstract:

Background

In the context of increasing population aging, maintaining the health of the elderly is the key to successful aging. Multimorbidity is an important factor threatening the health of the elderly, and its relationship with the health promotion behaviors of the elderly has been rarely reported.

Objective

To understand the multimorbidity patterns and distribution of health promotion behaviors among the elderly in Ningxia, analyze the relationship between multimorbidity patterns and health promotion behaviors in the elderly, so as to provide a reference for the development of management and intervention strategies for the health of elderly.

Methods

The population aged 65 years and above in Ningxia were selected as study subjects by using random cluster sampling method from January 2021 to July 2021, and surveyed by self-designed questionnaire〔including general information questionnaire, patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) , mini-mental state examination (MMSE) , health promoting lifestyle profile-Chinese version (HPLP-C) 〕. Multimorbidity patterns of the elderly was analyzed by association rules of Apriori algorithm, the correlation between multimorbidity and health promotion behaviors of the elderly was analyzed by multivariable Logistic regression analysis.

Results

A total of 2 010 older adults aged 65 years and above were included, with the multimorbidity rate of 31.00% (623/2 010) . The most common binary multimorbidity pattern was coronary heart disease and hypertension〔25.36% (158/623) 〕, the most common ternary multimorbidity pattern was hypertension, coronary heart disease and stroke〔4.49% (28/623) 〕. The association rules revealed 16 patterns of multimorbidity, 15 of which were related to hypertension, 10 were related to coronary heart disease, and 7 were related to asthma. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with older adults with poor health promotion behaviors, those with general〔OR (95%CI) =0.364 (0.185, 0.714) 〕, good〔OR (95%CI) =0.488 (0.251, 0.948) 〕, excellent〔OR (95%CI) =0.426 (0.213, 0.853) 〕health promotion behaviors had a lower risk of multimorbidity (P<0.05) . HPLP-C physical activity〔OR (95%CI) =0.960 (0.925, 0.997) 〕and stress management〔OR (95%CI) =0.963 (0.938, 0.989) 〕dimension scores in older adults were negatively associated with the occurrence of multimorbidity; HPLP-C health responsibility〔OR (95%CI) =1.038 (1.013, 1.063) 〕dimension score was positively associated with the occurrence of multimorbidity.

Conclusion

The multimorbidity patterns of the elderly in Ningxia are complex, and there is an association between health promotion behaviors and occurrence of multimorbidity. The risk of multimorbidity can be reduced by interventions such as encouraging the elderly to practice health promotion behaviors and improve their lifestyles.

Key words: Aged, Multimorbidity patterns, Health promotion behaviors, Association rules, Apriori algorithm, Root cause analysis, Ningxia

摘要:

背景

在人口老龄化程度日益加深的背景下,老年人保持健康成为其成功老龄化的关键。慢性病共病是威胁老年人健康的重要因素,其与老年人健康促进行为之间的关系鲜有学者探讨。

目的

了解宁夏回族自治区老年人的慢性病共病模式及健康促进行为水平分布情况,分析老年人健康促进行为与其慢性病共病发生情况之间的关联,为老年人健康管理工作的开展和干预策略的制定提供参考。

方法

2021年1—7月,在宁夏回族自治区采用随机整群抽样法选取≥65岁人群作为研究对象,采用自设问卷〔包括一般资料调查表、抑郁症筛查量表(PHQ-9)、简易精神状态检查表(MMSE)、健康促进生活方式量表(HPLP-C)〕对其进行调查,应用Apriori算法通过关联规则分析宁夏回族自治区老年人的慢性病共病模式,采用多因素Logistic回归分析健康促进行为与老年人慢性病共病发生情况之间的关联。

结果

共纳入2 010名≥65岁老年人,慢性病共病发生率为31.00%(623/2 010);最常见的二元慢性病共病模式为冠心病+高血压〔25.36%(158/623)〕,最常见的三元慢性病共病模式为高血压+冠心病+脑卒中〔4.49%(28/623)〕。关联规则显示16种慢性病共病模式,其中15种与高血压有关,10种与冠心病有关,7种与哮喘有关。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:与健康促进行为水平差的老年人相比,健康促进行为水平为一般〔OR(95%CI)=0.364(0.185,0.714)〕、良好〔OR(95%CI)=0.488(0.251,0.948)〕、优秀〔OR(95%CI)=0.426(0.213,0.853)〕的老年人发生慢性病共病的风险更低(P<0.05)。老年人HPLP-C体力活动〔OR(95%CI)=0.960(0.925,0.997)〕、压力管理〔OR(95%CI)=0.963(0.938,0.989)〕维度得分与其慢性病共病发生情况之间呈负向关联(P<0.05);老年人HPLP-C健康责任维度得分与其慢性病共病发生情况之间呈正向关联〔OR(95%CI)=1.038(1.013,1.063),P<0.05〕。

结论

宁夏回族自治区老年人的慢性病共病模式复杂,且慢性病共病发生情况与其健康促进行为之间存在关联,可通过鼓励老年人践行促进健康行为、改善生活方式等举措,助力其降低慢性病共病发生风险。

关键词: 老年人, 慢性病共病模式, 健康促进行为, 关联规则, Apriori算法, 影响因素分析, 宁夏回族自治区