Abstract:

Due to high chronic disease prevalence and attacks as well as high incidence of injuries, the needs of emergency care resources are growing in the increasing number of older people. The traditional hospital-based emergency care in China has many limitations, such as high rate of invalid ambulance attendance in prehospital emergency care, long ambulance response time, and the occupation of a great amount of emergency care resources by non-urgent callers. Against the background of advocating tiered diagnosis and treatment, communities have been increasingly appreciated for their roles in prehospital emergency care for older adults, including monitoring and early warning, emergency dispatch and on-site treatment, and health education. In foreign countries, communities have demonstrated better practice. In China, despite many scholars' implementation recommendations, communities still have a lot of room for development. We reviewed the advances in above-mentioned three roles of communities in prehospital emergency care for older people, providing insights into the use of communities for emergency care in an aging society.

Key words: Community health services, Aged, Prehospital first aid, Emergency management, Paramedicine, Review

摘要：

随着全球人口老龄化逐渐加重、老年人慢性病患病率增高且慢性病急性发作和意外伤害事件增多，老年患者对急救医疗资源的需求也随之增加。传统的以医院为中心的救护模式存在空诊率高、呼叫反应时间长、非急危重呼叫者占用大量院前急救医疗资源等诸多问题，结合目前所倡导的分级诊疗大趋势，社区在老年院前急救管理中发挥的监测预警、现场处理-紧急调度和健康教育等作用逐渐受到重视。这些在国外已有较好的实践，在我国虽然已有不少学者提出了初步的想法与建议，但在实践方面，还有很大的发展空间。本文通过对社区在老年应急管理中承担的以上3个主要方面的作用进行阐述，以期为发挥社区在老龄化社会中老年人急症发作和意外伤害时应急处理方面的作用提供借鉴。

关键词: 社区卫生服务, 老年人, 院前急救, 院前应急管理, 社区急救, 综述