Abstract: After nearly a decade of "medical and health reform"，medical services led by large hospitals，large institutions，and government community health service centers，the level of "general practice" has not been significantly increased to the service standards of developed countries，although developments in the provision of general medical services in China has made significant progress.In this paper，we reviewed the operation of "specialties and sub-specialties" in the Chinese mainland and the historical development of general practice and the specialties through three cases，including removal of ear wax，fishbone in the throat and foreign body in the eyes are commonly done by general practitioners，as comparison of differences in diagnosis and treatment at home and abroad.To explore "what is the scope of general practice" in China with the concept of WONCA and learn from experience of developed countries to understand the content and scope of general practice within the wider scope of general medical services.

Key words: General practice, General practitioners, Specialist, Occupational scope, Comprehensive care, Continuity care

摘要： 经过近十年的“医改”，尽管我国全科医学的发展取得了长足进步，但由大医院、大机构、政府社区卫生服务中心主导的全科诊疗，并未明显地将“全科诊疗”水平提高到发达国家的服务标准。本文通过耵聍栓塞、鱼刺卡喉、眼部异物等取出3个病例，回顾中国内地的“分科与专科”操作以及全科医生和专科医生的发展历程，了解国内外全科医学的诊疗现状，对国内“全科医学的执业范畴”进行探讨，并结合世界家庭医生组织（WONCA）理念及学习发达国家经验，分析全科医学学科的诊疗内容与范围。

关键词: 全科医学, 全科医生, 专科医生, 职业范畴, 综合性照顾, 连续性照顾