Abstract: Background　Geographical distribution of epidemiological studies about cerebral palsy in China is uneven.In particular，such studies conducted in northwestern China and other remote areas are insufficient.Objective　To explore the demographic characteristics and geographical distribution of children with cerebral palsy in Xinjiang，and to compare the clinical characterizations at birth and growth and development of such children by the type of cerebral palsy.Methods　This retrospective survey was conducted among 586 children with cerebral palsy treated at the Cerebral Palsy Center，the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2016 to April 2018.Clinical data were collected，and comparative analyses of demographic characteristics based on geographical divisions，clinical features at birth and growth and development based on cerebral palsy type were performed.Results　Among the 586 cases，most〔340（58.0%）〕were males；almost half〔250（42.7%）〕aged 7-10 years old；the number of cases〔318（54.3%）〕from southern Xinjiang was the most；Uygurs〔401（68.4%）〕were the most；spastic cerebral palsy〔271（46.2%）〕accounted for the largest percentage.Distributions of age and minzu differed significantly by region（P<0.05）．Maternal delivery mode distribution and prevalence of neonatal kernicterus varied significantly by the type of cerebral palsy（P<0.05）．There were significant differences in the distribution of turning over，sitting alone，crawling，standing up，walking alone，voicing，speaking complete sentences and controlling urine and stool among children with different types of cerebral palsy（P<0.01）；there were statistical differences in the average age of turning over，crawling，standing up，walking alone and speaking complete sentences among children with different types of cerebral palsy（P<0.05）．Conclusion　Spastic cerebral palsy is the major type of cerebral palsy；male children is more prone to cerebral palsy；most children with cerebral palsy are 7-10 years old；the cases mainly come from southern Xinjiang.Analysis and summary of clinical features at birth can provide guidance for the prevention of cerebral palsy.To avoid missing the most appropriate time for treatment，parents should put enough attention to their children's growth and development milestones.

Key words: Cerebral palsy, Epidemiology, Development at birth, Xinjiang

摘要： 背景　我国对脑瘫的流行病学分布研究尚不充分，尤其是西北等偏远地区。目的　探讨新疆地区脑瘫患儿的人口学特征及分布，对比不同脑瘫类型患儿的出生期临床表征以及生长发育情况。方法　对2016年1月—2018年4月新疆医科大学第二附属医院脑瘫中心收治的脑瘫患儿586例进行回顾性数据收集与分析，比较不同地区人口学特征以及不同脑瘫分型患儿出生期临床表征及生长发育情况。结果　586例脑瘫患儿，以男性居多，为340例（58.0%）；年龄分布以7~10岁患儿居多，为250例（42.7%）；地区分布上，以南疆患儿居多，为318例（54.3%）；民族分布上，以维吾尔族居多，为401例（68.4%）；诊断分型以痉挛型占比最大，共271例（46.2%）。不同地区脑瘫患儿年龄构成、民族构成比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；不同类型脑瘫患儿的分娩方式与有无核黄疸存在差异（P<0.05）。不同类型脑瘫患儿能否翻身、独坐、爬行、扶站、独走、发声、说完整句子和控制大小便的分布比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）；不同分型脑瘫患儿能够翻身、爬行、扶站、独走和说完整句子的平均年龄相比，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论　新疆地区脑瘫诊断类型主要是痉挛型，患儿男性比例多于女性，年龄多分布于7~10岁，主要来自南疆。对脑瘫出生期临床表征的分析与总结可为预防脑瘫的发生提供指导，避免错失治疗的最佳时期，家长应对儿童的运动发育里程碑给予足够关注。

关键词: 脑性瘫痪, 流行病学, 出生期生长发育, 新疆