
Chinese General Practice ›› 2026, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (07): 893-899.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0600
Special Issue: 儿科最新文章合辑
• Original Research • Previous Articles Next Articles
Received:2025-01-13
Revised:2025-04-22
Published:2026-03-05
Online:2026-02-13
Contact:
KE Xiong
通讯作者:
柯雄
作者简介:作者贡献:
蒋炫提出研究思路,负责论文撰写,对论文整体负责;蒋炫、陈银海负责研究过程的实施,设计研究方案,选取调查对象;陆元蔚负责数据收集;陆元蔚、张加丽负责统计学分析,绘制图表;陆元蔚、林淙铉负责论文修订;柯雄负责文章的质量控制与审查,对文章整体负责。
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URL: https://www.chinagp.net/EN/10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0600
| 变量 | 赋值 |
|---|---|
| 控制变量 | |
| 性别 | 女=0,男=1 |
| 年龄 | 18~30岁=1,31~45岁=2,46~60岁=3,>60岁=4 |
| 户口性质 | 非农业=0,农业=1 |
| 民族 | 汉族=0,少数民族=1 |
| 是否独居 | 否=0,是=1 |
| 受教育程度 | 初等教育及以下=1,中等教育=2,高等教育=3 |
| 职业状态 | 在职=0,学生=1,离/退休=2,其他=3 |
| 婚姻情况 | 未婚=1,已婚=2,离异/丧偶=3 |
| 吸烟情况 | 否=0,是=1 |
| 饮酒情况 | 否=0,是=1 |
| 中介变量 | |
| 慢性病数量 | 无=0,1种=1,2种=2,3种=3,4种及以上=4 |
| 自变量 | |
| ACEs-Q得分 | 0分=0,1分=1,2分=2,≥3分=3 |
| 因变量 | |
| 健康效用值 | 以实测值纳入 |
| EQ-VAS得分 | 以实测值纳入 |
Table 1 Variable names and assignment description
| 变量 | 赋值 |
|---|---|
| 控制变量 | |
| 性别 | 女=0,男=1 |
| 年龄 | 18~30岁=1,31~45岁=2,46~60岁=3,>60岁=4 |
| 户口性质 | 非农业=0,农业=1 |
| 民族 | 汉族=0,少数民族=1 |
| 是否独居 | 否=0,是=1 |
| 受教育程度 | 初等教育及以下=1,中等教育=2,高等教育=3 |
| 职业状态 | 在职=0,学生=1,离/退休=2,其他=3 |
| 婚姻情况 | 未婚=1,已婚=2,离异/丧偶=3 |
| 吸烟情况 | 否=0,是=1 |
| 饮酒情况 | 否=0,是=1 |
| 中介变量 | |
| 慢性病数量 | 无=0,1种=1,2种=2,3种=3,4种及以上=4 |
| 自变量 | |
| ACEs-Q得分 | 0分=0,1分=1,2分=2,≥3分=3 |
| 因变量 | |
| 健康效用值 | 以实测值纳入 |
| EQ-VAS得分 | 以实测值纳入 |
| 项目 | 人数 | 健康效用值 | EQ-VAS得分(分) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 数值 | Z(H)值 | P值 | 数值 | Z(H)值 | P值 | ||
| 性别 | -2.513 | 0.012 | -0.283 | 0.777 | |||
| 女 | 1 065 | 1.000(0.942,1.000) | 79.0(65.0,87.0) | ||||
| 男 | 867 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 79.0(66.0,86.0) | ||||
| 年龄 | 106.088a | <0.001 | 83.868a | <0.001 | |||
| 18~30岁 | 609 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 81.0(70.0,90.0) | ||||
| 31~45岁 | 468 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 79.0(67.0,87.0) | ||||
| 46~60岁 | 472 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 79.0(67.0,85.0) | ||||
| >60岁 | 383 | 0.942(0.824,1.000) | 72.0(61.0,80.0) | ||||
| 户口性质 | -3.036 | 0.002 | -4.021 | <0.001 | |||
| 非农业 | 757 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 80.0(67.5,89.5) | ||||
| 农业 | 1 175 | 1.000(0.934,1.000) | 78.0(64.0,85.0) | ||||
| 民族 | -2.323 | 0.020 | -2.167 | 0.030 | |||
| 汉族 | 1 828 | 1.000(0.942,1.000) | 79.0(66.0,86.0) | ||||
| 少数民族 | 104 | 1.000(0.893,1.000) | 73.5(54.0,86.8) | ||||
| 是否独居 | -3.432 | <0.001 | -2.937 | 0.003 | |||
| 是 | 382 | 1.000(0.893,1.000) | 77.0(62.0,85.0) | ||||
| 否 | 1 550 | 1.000(0.942,1.000) | 79.0(66.0,86.0) | ||||
| 受教育程度 | 47.160a | <0.001 | 51.868a | <0.001 | |||
| 初等教育及以下 | 379 | 1.000(0.893,1.000) | 74.0(62.0,81.0) | ||||
| 中等教育 | 756 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 79.0(66.0,86.0) | ||||
| 高等教育 | 797 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 80.0(67.5,90.0) | ||||
| 职业状态 | 85.987a | <0.001 | 51.670a | <0.001 | |||
| 在职 | 758 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 80.0(69.0,88.0) | ||||
| 学生 | 338 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 80.5(68.8,91.0) | ||||
| 离/退休 | 283 | 0.955(0.849,1.000) | 73.0(60.0,81.0) | ||||
| 其他 | 553 | 1.000(0.893,1.000) | 77.0(64.5,84.0) | ||||
| 婚姻情况 | 34.827a | <0.001 | 22.909a | <0.001 | |||
| 未婚 | 638 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 80.0(67.0,90.0) | ||||
| 已婚 | 1 163 | 1.000(0.942,1.000) | 78.0(66.0,85.0) | ||||
| 离异/丧偶 | 131 | 0.942(0.734,1.000) | 70.0(60.0,81.0) | ||||
| 吸烟情况 | -2.000 | 0.045 | -1.142 | 0.253 | |||
| 否 | 1599 | 1.000(0.942,1.000) | 79.0(66.0,86.0) | ||||
| 是 | 333 | 1.000(0.893,1.000) | 79.0(63.0,85.5) | ||||
| 饮酒情况 | -2.166 | 0.030 | -1.607 | 0.108 | |||
| 否 | 1 310 | 1.000(0.942,1.000) | 78.0(64.0,86.0) | ||||
| 是 | 622 | 1.000(0.934,1.000) | 80.0(67.0,87.0) | ||||
| ACEs-Q得分 | 142.342a | <0.001 | 41.007a | <0.001 | |||
| 0分 | 1 377 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 80.0(66.0,88.0) | ||||
| 1分 | 172 | 1.000(0.905,1.000) | 79.0(66.0,86.0) | ||||
| 2分 | 128 | 0.951(0.893,1.000) | 76.5(66.0,83.0) | ||||
| ≥3分 | 255 | 0.942(0.824,1.000) | 72.0(61.0,81.0) | ||||
Table 2 Comparison of HRQOL among residents with different characteristics
| 项目 | 人数 | 健康效用值 | EQ-VAS得分(分) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 数值 | Z(H)值 | P值 | 数值 | Z(H)值 | P值 | ||
| 性别 | -2.513 | 0.012 | -0.283 | 0.777 | |||
| 女 | 1 065 | 1.000(0.942,1.000) | 79.0(65.0,87.0) | ||||
| 男 | 867 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 79.0(66.0,86.0) | ||||
| 年龄 | 106.088a | <0.001 | 83.868a | <0.001 | |||
| 18~30岁 | 609 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 81.0(70.0,90.0) | ||||
| 31~45岁 | 468 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 79.0(67.0,87.0) | ||||
| 46~60岁 | 472 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 79.0(67.0,85.0) | ||||
| >60岁 | 383 | 0.942(0.824,1.000) | 72.0(61.0,80.0) | ||||
| 户口性质 | -3.036 | 0.002 | -4.021 | <0.001 | |||
| 非农业 | 757 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 80.0(67.5,89.5) | ||||
| 农业 | 1 175 | 1.000(0.934,1.000) | 78.0(64.0,85.0) | ||||
| 民族 | -2.323 | 0.020 | -2.167 | 0.030 | |||
| 汉族 | 1 828 | 1.000(0.942,1.000) | 79.0(66.0,86.0) | ||||
| 少数民族 | 104 | 1.000(0.893,1.000) | 73.5(54.0,86.8) | ||||
| 是否独居 | -3.432 | <0.001 | -2.937 | 0.003 | |||
| 是 | 382 | 1.000(0.893,1.000) | 77.0(62.0,85.0) | ||||
| 否 | 1 550 | 1.000(0.942,1.000) | 79.0(66.0,86.0) | ||||
| 受教育程度 | 47.160a | <0.001 | 51.868a | <0.001 | |||
| 初等教育及以下 | 379 | 1.000(0.893,1.000) | 74.0(62.0,81.0) | ||||
| 中等教育 | 756 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 79.0(66.0,86.0) | ||||
| 高等教育 | 797 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 80.0(67.5,90.0) | ||||
| 职业状态 | 85.987a | <0.001 | 51.670a | <0.001 | |||
| 在职 | 758 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 80.0(69.0,88.0) | ||||
| 学生 | 338 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 80.5(68.8,91.0) | ||||
| 离/退休 | 283 | 0.955(0.849,1.000) | 73.0(60.0,81.0) | ||||
| 其他 | 553 | 1.000(0.893,1.000) | 77.0(64.5,84.0) | ||||
| 婚姻情况 | 34.827a | <0.001 | 22.909a | <0.001 | |||
| 未婚 | 638 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 80.0(67.0,90.0) | ||||
| 已婚 | 1 163 | 1.000(0.942,1.000) | 78.0(66.0,85.0) | ||||
| 离异/丧偶 | 131 | 0.942(0.734,1.000) | 70.0(60.0,81.0) | ||||
| 吸烟情况 | -2.000 | 0.045 | -1.142 | 0.253 | |||
| 否 | 1599 | 1.000(0.942,1.000) | 79.0(66.0,86.0) | ||||
| 是 | 333 | 1.000(0.893,1.000) | 79.0(63.0,85.5) | ||||
| 饮酒情况 | -2.166 | 0.030 | -1.607 | 0.108 | |||
| 否 | 1 310 | 1.000(0.942,1.000) | 78.0(64.0,86.0) | ||||
| 是 | 622 | 1.000(0.934,1.000) | 80.0(67.0,87.0) | ||||
| ACEs-Q得分 | 142.342a | <0.001 | 41.007a | <0.001 | |||
| 0分 | 1 377 | 1.000(0.951,1.000) | 80.0(66.0,88.0) | ||||
| 1分 | 172 | 1.000(0.905,1.000) | 79.0(66.0,86.0) | ||||
| 2分 | 128 | 0.951(0.893,1.000) | 76.5(66.0,83.0) | ||||
| ≥3分 | 255 | 0.942(0.824,1.000) | 72.0(61.0,81.0) | ||||
| 模型 | 变量 | B | t值 | R2值 | F值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 模型1 | ACEs-Q得分→健康效用值 | -0.187 | -8.543a | 0.126 | 25.055 |
| ACEs-Q得分→慢性病数量 | 0.155 | 7.793a | 0.277 | 66.982 | |
| ACEs-Q得分→慢性病数量→健康效用值 | 0.197 | 39.209 | |||
| ACEs-Q得分 | -0.138 | 6.488a | |||
| 慢性病数量 | -0.314 | -13.06a | |||
| 模型2 | ACEs-Q得分→EQ-VAS得分 | -0.143 | -6.377a | 0.074 | 13.992 |
| ACEs-Q得分→慢性病数量 | 0.155 | 7.793a | 0.277 | 66.982 | |
| ACEs-Q得分→慢性病数量→EQ-VAS得分 | 0.090 | 15.893 | |||
| ACEs-Q得分 | -0.120 | -5.31a | |||
| 慢性病数量 | -0.150 | -5.843a |
Table 3 Test of the mediation effect of the number of chronic diseases between childhood adverse experience and HRQOL
| 模型 | 变量 | B | t值 | R2值 | F值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 模型1 | ACEs-Q得分→健康效用值 | -0.187 | -8.543a | 0.126 | 25.055 |
| ACEs-Q得分→慢性病数量 | 0.155 | 7.793a | 0.277 | 66.982 | |
| ACEs-Q得分→慢性病数量→健康效用值 | 0.197 | 39.209 | |||
| ACEs-Q得分 | -0.138 | 6.488a | |||
| 慢性病数量 | -0.314 | -13.06a | |||
| 模型2 | ACEs-Q得分→EQ-VAS得分 | -0.143 | -6.377a | 0.074 | 13.992 |
| ACEs-Q得分→慢性病数量 | 0.155 | 7.793a | 0.277 | 66.982 | |
| ACEs-Q得分→慢性病数量→EQ-VAS得分 | 0.090 | 15.893 | |||
| ACEs-Q得分 | -0.120 | -5.31a | |||
| 慢性病数量 | -0.150 | -5.843a |
| 项目 | 效应值 | SE | LLCI | ULCI | 效应量(%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 总效应 | -0.187 | 0.022 | -0.229 | -0.144 | 100.00 |
| 直接效应 | -0.138 | 0.021 | -0.180 | -0.096 | 73.80 |
| 中介效应 | -0.049 | 0.010 | -0.071 | -0.031 | 26.20 |
Table 4 Analysis of the mediation effect of the number of chronic diseases in children between ACEs-Q scores and health utility values
| 项目 | 效应值 | SE | LLCI | ULCI | 效应量(%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 总效应 | -0.187 | 0.022 | -0.229 | -0.144 | 100.00 |
| 直接效应 | -0.138 | 0.021 | -0.180 | -0.096 | 73.80 |
| 中介效应 | -0.049 | 0.010 | -0.071 | -0.031 | 26.20 |
| 项目 | 效应值 | SE | LLCI | ULCI | 效应量(%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 总效应 | -0.143 | 0.023 | -0.187 | -0.099 | 100.00 |
| 直接效应 | -0.120 | 0.023 | -0.165 | -0.076 | 83.92 |
| 中介效应 | -0.023 | 0.006 | -0.037 | -0.013 | 16.08 |
Table 5 Analysis of the mediation effect of the number of chronic diseases between ACEs-Q scores and EQ-VAS scores
| 项目 | 效应值 | SE | LLCI | ULCI | 效应量(%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 总效应 | -0.143 | 0.023 | -0.187 | -0.099 | 100.00 |
| 直接效应 | -0.120 | 0.023 | -0.165 | -0.076 | 83.92 |
| 中介效应 | -0.023 | 0.006 | -0.037 | -0.013 | 16.08 |
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