Excess body weight and adiposity are closely related to the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases. To address this health crisis, the American College of Sports Medicine released the Consensus Statement on Adult Physical Activity and Excess Body Weight and Adiposity in 2024. This consensus supports the inclusion of physical activity in the medical treatment of excess body weight and adiposity (drug therapy, metabolic and bariatric surgery) when medically deemed appropriate. And put forward insights on the application of physical activity in these treatments. This consensus particularly points out: (1) For weight loss and the prevention of weight gain, the effect may be most significant when engaging in at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week. (2) High-intensity interval training is not superior to the physical activity effect of moderate to high-intensity continuous training in terms of weight regulation. (3) Low-intensity physical activities can be used as an alternative under the premise of ensuring energy consumption. (4) Various forms of exercise are equivalent in weight management. To achieve overall health benefits beyond weight control and fat loss, it is recommended to adopt multiple modes of physical activity. This consensus emphasizes the importance of physical activity in the prevention, treatment and management of overweight and obesity. This guideline interpretation aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the core points of this consensus statement, provide new suggestions for the prevention and treatment of overweight/obesity through physical activity in our country, and help primary care doctors manage overweight/obesity patients more effectively.

超重和肥胖与多种慢性疾病的发病机制密切相关，为应对这一健康危机，美国运动医学会于2024年发布了《成人体力活动与超重、肥胖共识声明》，提倡在合适的医学场景下，将体力活动纳入超重和肥胖的医学治疗中，并对体力活动的应用给出指导。共识特别指出：（1）对于减肥和预防体重增加，每周至少150 min的中等强度体力活动，效果可能最为显著；（2）高强度间歇训练在体重调控方面并不优于中高强度持续训练的体力活动效应；（3）低强度体力活动在保证能量消耗的前提下，可作为一种替代方式；（4）各种运动方式在体重管理方面具有等效性；为获得除控制体重和减脂之外的整体健康益处，建议采用多种模式的体力活动。该共识强调了体力活动在预防、治疗和管理超重与肥胖中的重要性。本指南解读旨在深入分析这一共识声明的核心要点，为我国通过体力活动防治超重/肥胖提供新的建议，帮助基层医生更有效地管理超重/肥胖患者。