With the promotion of "strengthening the primary health" measures, the number of primary health professionals in China has increased significantly, but there is still a gap between the ability of primary care physicians and basic medical needs of residents.

To understand the current situation, characteristics and deficiencies of Chinese primary care doctors' community rehabilitation service ability, so as to provide scientific basis for making countermeasures to improve ability.

The method of multi-stage stratified sampling combined with typical sampling was adopted to carry out an online questionnaire survey on doctors in primary health institutions in Jiangsu province, Anhui province, Henan province, Chongqing City and Gansu province. The current situation of community rehabilitation service ability of primary care physicians was evaluated from four aspects: rehabilitation function evaluation, rehabilitation medical service, traditional Chinese medicine health guidance and traditional Chinese medicine physiotherapy.

A total of 8 374 questionnaires were analyzed. Among the primary doctors surveyed, 4 697 cases (56.1%), 6 396 cases (76.4%), 5 833 cases (69.7%) and 4 834 cases (57.7%) were equipped with the ability of rehabilitation function assessment, rehabilitation medical services, TCM health guidance and TCM physiotherapy, respectively. Moreover, the abilities of primary doctors in rural areas were better than that in urban areas, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the rates of rehabilitation medical service guidance, traditional Chinese medicine health care guidance and traditional Chinese physiotherapy ability of primary doctors in different ages, educational qualifications, and positions (P<0.05). The pairwise comparison results showed that in terms of age. In terms of assessment ability of rehabilitation function, doctors under 30 years old and over 60 years old had a higher rate than those 30-<45 years old and 45-<60 years old (P<0.016), and doctors 45-<60 years old had a higher rate than those 30-<45 years old (P<0.016). The rate of rehabilitation medical service guidance ability of primary doctors under 45 years old was lower than that of primary doctors over 45 years old (P<0.016). The ability rate of doctors under 30 years old to provide TCM health care guidance and TCM physiotherapy was lower than that of 30-< 45 years old, 45-< 60 years old and over 60 years old (P<0.016), and the ability rate of doctors 30-<45 years old was lower than that of 45-< 60 years old and over 60 years old (P<0.016). The ratio of doctors aged 45-<60 years old was lower than that of doctors aged over 60 years old (P<0.016) .The ability rate of primary doctors with high school/secondary school education or below was higher than that of college degree and bachelor degree (P<0.016), and the ability rate of junior college degree doctors was higher than that of bachelor degree (P<0.016). The possessing rate of general practitioners was higher than that of rural physicians and practicing (assistant) physicians (P<0.016), and the possessing rate of rural physicians was higher than that of practicing (assistant) physicians (P<0.016). The rate of basic doctors in TCM post possessing TCM health care guidance and TCM physiotherapy ability was higher than that in clinical post and other post (P<0.016), and the rate of clinical post possessing was higher than that in other post (P<0.016). The rate of comprehensive ability of rehabilitation medicine was higher than that of traditional Chinese medicine (P<0.05) .

The ability of community rehabilitation was insufficient on the whole, and the ability of traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation was relatively weak. It is necessary to improve the construction of the tiered diagnosis and treatment system, promote primary care physicians' experience and abilities. Also to strengthen the joint training of traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation and modern Western medicine rehabilitation techniques, complete the training and construction of primary rehabilitation personnel, so that they can assume the responsibility of community rehabilitation.