Abstract:

Given the increasing prevalence of childhood autism spectrum disease (ASD) , there is a need for scales with higher efficiencies for scientifically screening and assessing this disease. We reviewed several common screening and assessment scales for childhood ASD in terms of applicable age group, applicable methods, scoring methods, assessment criteria and basic contents, and made a comparative analysis of the merits and limitations of characteristics, applications, sensitivity and specificity of commonly used primary and secondary screening scales, as well as diagnostic scales. Then we intensively analyzed and reconstructed these scales from both perspectives of professional use and family use, attempting to explore a screening and assessment method for childhood ASD, thereby alleviating the shortage of professionals, improving the accuracy of screening and diagnosis, reducing the misdiagnosis rate and false positive rate, and providing a reliable scientific basis for the collection of early intervention data and later treatment of childhood ASD.

Key words: Autism spectrum disorder, Autism, Diagnostic screening programs, Early diagnosis

摘要：

近年来，儿童孤独症谱系障碍（ASD）患病率逐年升高，需要更加科学有效的量表来进行儿童ASD的筛查和诊断。本文通过对儿童ASD筛查及诊断量表所适用的年龄、评估方式、计分方法、评定标准和基本内容进行归纳、整理，从多维度分析、总结常用的一级筛查量表、二级筛查量表和诊断量表的特点、用途、灵敏度和特异度方面的优缺点和差异。基于专业使用与家庭使用的双视角对ASD量表进行深层次地解析与重构，探索可用于儿童ASD筛查和诊断的新方法，旨在缓解专业人员资源短缺的问题，提高儿童ASD筛查与诊断的准确性，并降低误诊率和假阳性率，为儿童ASD早期干预数据的收集以及后期治疗提供可靠的科学依据。

关键词: 孤独症谱系障碍, 自闭症, 诊断筛查项目, 早期诊断