Abstract: The incidence of colorectal cancer has shown an upward trend in China. Colorectal cancer turns to be a great threat to people's health，and also brings serious negative socio-economic impacts. The screening for colorectal cancer using effective strategies has been proven efficacious for reducing colorectal cancer burden in many countries. In China，due to incomplete coverage of colorectal cancer screening programs implemented using non-uniform strategies，there is a need to develop a comprehensive colorectal cancer screening system used throughout the country. We overviewed colorectal cancer screening researches at home and abroad，and discussed the common screening strategies based on the reviewing of the latest guidelines and consensuses on colorectal cancer screening，then predicted the prospects of colorectal cancer screening in China，with a view to assisting the development of colorectal cancer screening strategies with Chinese characteristics.

Key words: Colorectal neoplasms, Screening, Prevention and control, Early diagnosis, Early therapy

摘要： 结直肠癌在我国发病率逐年升高，严重威胁人们生命健康，造成了沉重的社会经济负担。众多国家的实践经验表明，采取有效的结直肠癌筛查策略能够降低结直肠癌的疾病负担，然而我国人群结直肠癌筛查项目覆盖尚不广泛，方法不统一，有待形成完善的国家结直肠癌筛查体系。本文结合国内外最新指南、共识，阐述国内外结直肠癌筛查的研究现状，探讨常用的结直肠癌筛查方法，并对我国结直肠癌筛查的发展提出了展望，以期未来能够建立具有我国特色的结直肠癌筛查策略。

关键词: 结直肠肿瘤, 筛查, 防控, 早期诊断, 早期治疗