Gender Differences in Plasma Phospholipid Fatty Acids and their Correlation with Blood Pressure in Community Elderly Hypertensive Patients

doi:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2019.00.238

Abstract

Abstract: Background　Hypertension is one of the risk factors affecting the life quality of the elderly and it is closely related to blood lipid metabolism with gender differences.The blood fatty acid spectrum is an important indicator which reflects the level of blood lipid metabolism, but its correlation with the occurrence and development of hypertension is still controversial.Objective　To investigate the gender differences in plasma phospholipid fatty acids and their correlation with blood pressure in community elderly hypertensive patients of Ningxia.Methods　A total of 2 231 community residents of Ningxia who were examined in Ningxia International Travel Health Care Center in March 2016 were selected through cluster sampling method. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study, we screened 282 hypertension patients,149 males and 133 females. And their demographic information was collected. Physical examination was conducted to obtain the biochemical indicators and plasma phospholipid fatty acid spectrum.And then Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between plasma phospholipid fatty acid content and systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse pressure difference. Multiple linear regression analysis was adopted to analyze the influencing factors of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse pressure difference. Results　The age, education level, marital status, monthly income, smoking, serum creatinine, blood urea（UA）, alanine aminotransferase（ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase（AST）of males were significantly higher than those of the females, while the total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）of males were significantly lower than those of the females（P<0.05）．The plasma phospholipid fatty acid C13：0, C22：1, and C24：1, monounsaturated fatty acid（ MUFA）, C18：3n-3, C18：3n-6 and C20：2n-6 of females were higher than those of the males（P<0.05）．Correlation analysis showed that in male patients, plasma phospholipid fatty acids C12：0 and C20：4n-6 were negatively correlated with diastolic blood pressure（P<0.05）, while C21：0, C18：1, C20：5n-3, C18：2n-6, and C20：2n-6 were positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure（P<0.05）, C20：4n-6 were positively correlated with pulse pressure difference and there was negative correlation between C24：0, C18：1, C18: 3n-3, C20：5n-3 and C20：2n-6 and pulse pressure difference（P<0.05）．In female patients, plasma phospholipid fatty acid C10：0 was negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure, while C21：0, C22：0, C18：1T, C18：3n-3, and C18：2TT were positively correlated with systolic blood pressure（P<0.05）, and C22：0 and C14：1 were positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure（P<0.05）, C18：1T and C18：3n-6 were positively correlated with pulse differential pressure（P<0.05）．In hypertensive patients, the plasma phospholipid fatty acids C22：0 and C18：1T were positively correlated with systolic blood pressure, while C23：0 was negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure（P<0.05）, and C12：0 and C20：4n-6 were negatively correlated with diastolic blood pressure, and C15：0, C18：0, C21：0, C22：0, C18：1, C20：5n-3, C18：2n-6, and C20：2n-6 were positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure（P<0.05）, and C18：1T and C20：4n-6 were positively correlated with pulse pressure difference, while C20：5n-3 was negatively correlated with pulse pressure difference（P<0.05）．Multiple linear regression analysis showed that plasma phosphatic fatty acids C21：0〔β=3 312.095, 95%CI（969.916, 5 654.275）, P=0.007〕, C20：5n-3〔β=184.205, 95% CI （16.822, 351.588）, P=0.032〕, and C20：2n-6〔β=-12 371.615, 95%CI（-20 122.194, -4 621.037）, P=0.003〕were the influencing factors of male diastolic blood pressure.C18：3n-6〔β=492.867, 95%CI （77.420, 908.315）, P=0.021〕was the influencing factor of female pulse pressure difference, and C18：1T〔β=113.848, 95% CI （43.906, 183.790）, P=0.002〕and C20：4n-6〔β=31.488, 95% CI （2.431, 60.546）, P=0.034〕were the influencing factors of pulse pressure difference in elderly hypertension patients. Conclusion　The plasma phospholipid fatty acid C13：0, C22：1, and C24：1, MUFA, C18：3n-3, C18：3n-6 and C20：2n-6 of females are higher than those of the males in elderly community hypertensive patients of Ningxia. There are positively correlated between C21:0, C20:5n-3, C20:2n-6 with male diastolic blood pressure, C18:3n-6 with pulse differential pressure, C18:1T, C20:4n-6 with pulse differential pressure.Therefore, we should pay attention to the diet habit and rationally control the intake of fatty acids.

Key words: Hypertension, Aged, Plasma phospholipid fatty acid, Gender, Root cause analysis, Urea

摘要： 背景　高血压是影响老年人群生命质量的危险因素之一，高血压的发生与血脂代谢密切相关，且存在着性别差异，而血液脂肪酸谱是反映血脂代谢水平的重要指标，但其与高血压的发生与发展尚存争议。目的　探讨宁夏社区老年高血压患者血浆磷脂脂肪酸的性别差异及其与血压的相关性分析。方法　2016年3月在宁夏国际旅行卫生保健中心进行体检的宁夏社区居民2 231例，根据纳入、排除标准筛选出高血压患者282例，其中男149例，女133例。收集其一般资料，并进行体格检查、生化指标检查及血浆磷脂脂肪酸谱测定。采用Spearman秩相关分析血浆磷脂脂肪酸含量与收缩压、舒张压、脉压的关系，采用多元线性回归分析收缩压、舒张压、脉压的影响因素。结果　男性患者年龄、文化程度、已婚率、月收入、吸烟率、血肌酐、尿酸（UA）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）水平高于女性，总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平低于女性（P<0.05）。女性患者血浆磷脂脂肪酸C13：0、C22：1、C24：1、单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）、C18：3n-3、C18：3n-6、C20：2n-6含量均高于男性（P<0.05）。相关性分析结果显示，男性患者血浆磷脂脂肪酸C12：0、C20：4n-6与舒张压均呈负相关，C21：0、C18：1、C20：5n-3、C18：2n-6、C20：2n-6与舒张压均呈正相关（P<0.05）；C20：4n-6与脉压呈正相关，C24：0、C18：1、C18：3n-3、C20：5n-3、C20：2n-6与脉压均呈负相关（P<0.05）。女性患者血浆磷脂脂肪酸C10：0与收缩压呈负相关，C21：0、C22：0、C18：1T、C18：3n-3、C18：2TT与收缩压均呈正相关（P<0.05）；C22：0、C14：1与舒张压均呈正相关（P<0.05）；C18：1T、C18：3n-6与脉压均呈正相关（P<0.05）。患者血浆磷脂脂肪酸C22：0、C18：1T与收缩压均呈正相关，C23：0与收缩压呈负相关（P<0.05）；C12：0、C20：4n-6与舒张压均呈负相关，C15：0、C18：0、C21：0、C22：0、C18：1、C20：5n-3、C18：2n-6、C20：2n-6与舒张压均呈正相关（P<0.05）；C18：1T、C20：4n-6与脉压均呈正相关，C20：5n-3与脉压呈负相关（P<0.05）。多元线性回归分析结果显示，血浆磷脂脂肪酸C21：0〔β=3 312.095，95%CI（969.916，5 654.275），P=0.007〕、C20：5n-3〔β=184.205，95%CI（16.822，351.588），P=0.032〕、C20：2n-6〔β=-12 371.615，95%CI（-20 122.194，-4 621.037），P=0.003〕是男性舒张压的影响因素，C18：3n-6〔β=492.867，95%CI（77.420，908.315），P=0.021〕是女性脉压的影响因素，C18：1T〔β=113.848，95%CI（43.906，183.790），P=0.002〕、C20：4n-6〔β=31.488，95%CI（2.431，60.546），P=0.034〕是老年高血压患者脉压的影响因素。结论　宁夏社区女性老年高血压患者血浆磷脂脂肪酸C13：0、C22：1、C24：1、MUFA、C18：3n-3、C18：3n-6、C20：2n-6含量均高于男性，且C21：0、C20：5n-3、C20：2n-6与男性舒张压，C18：3n-6与女性脉压，C18：1T、C20：4n-6与脉压均呈正相关。因此，应该注意饮食，合理控制脂肪酸的摄入。

关键词: 高血压, 老年人, 血浆磷脂脂肪酸, 性别, 影响因素分析, 尿素

WU Jiajia,ZHANG Yahui,TAO Yao, et al. Gender Differences in Plasma Phospholipid Fatty Acids and their Correlation with Blood Pressure in Community Elderly Hypertensive Patients 　[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2019, 22(35): 4298-4305. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2019.00.238.
吴佳佳,张亚辉,陶瑶等. 社区老年高血压患者血浆磷脂脂肪酸的性别差异及其与血压的相关性研究[J]. 中国全科医学, 2019, 22(35): 4298-4305. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2019.00.238.

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