Abstract: Background　The number of deaths in China is about 960-990 million a year，of which only a small number receive hospice care services.The referral criteria of hospice care can help healthcare providers identify patients who should be transferred to hospice care，so that end-stage patients can receive hospice care in time.However，up to now，the criteria and methods have not been established to determine patients' entry into hospice care.Objective　To investigate hospice care providers' perspectives on the admission criteria for hospice care，providing a reference for the development of admission criteria for hospice care in China.Methods　In-depth face-to-face interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 21 hospice care providers from 3 tertiary grade A hospitals during the period between April and May 2018.Discussions were audiotaped and transcribed into a text within 24 hours after the interviews.And Colaizzi method was used to analyze the data.Results　Following the analysis of the interview data，three themes were extracted，including（1） The eligibility for hospice care admission was different among the providers.（2） Condition，psychoemotional status，and informed consent of patients and their families were considered generally as the essential dimensions of the hospice care admission criteria.（3） As no unified admission criteria and ways for hospice care have been developed in China，such admission is usually determined based on patients' disease progression，subjective feelings，and basic conditions，and clinicians' experience.The rationality and scientificalness of this practice，as well as its needs of further improvement，were approved by most of the hospice care providers.Conclusion　The routine admission criteria for hospice care used clinically should be improved further on the basis of retaining the original scientific and reasonable content.For improvement，further studies can use Delphi method.Moreover，mature admission criteria in foreign countries can be referred to develop the domestic admission criteria after being screened and culturally adapted.

Key words: Hospice care, Referral criteria, Cognition, Qualitative study, Hospice care

摘要： 背景　我国每年死亡人数960~990万，其中仅有少部分人获得安宁疗护服务。安宁疗护准入标准可帮助医护人员识别出需要安宁疗护服务的患者，使其及时获得安宁疗护服务。然而截至目前，我国判定患者进入安宁疗护阶段的标准和办法尚未建立。目的　了解从事安宁疗护工作的医护人员对安宁疗护准入标准的认知，为我国安宁疗护准入标准的建立提供参考依据。方法　采用目的抽样法，于2018年4—5月选取天津市3所三级甲等医院从事安宁疗护工作的医护人员作为访谈对象。研究人员按照访谈提纲对受访者进行面对面深入访谈。访谈结束后，于24 h内将录音转录为文字稿，采用Colaizzi 7步分析法对资料进行分析。结果　对访谈结果进行整理分析后，共提炼出3个主题：（1）医护人员对安宁疗护准入人群的认知发生改变；（2）医护人员普遍认同将病情、心理情绪状态、患者和家属知情同意应作为安宁疗护准入标准必须涵盖的3个维度；（3）当前我国判定患者进入安宁疗护服务的标准和办法尚未建立，通常根据患者的病情进展、主观感受、基础情况，并综合医生的临床经验对患者做出是否准入的判定。大部分医护人员认为这种判定方法存在一定的合理性和科学性，但仍需进一步完善。结论　安宁疗护准入人群仍需进一步扩展，研究人员应保留当前安宁疗护准入判定方法中具有科学性、合理性的内容，在后续研究中采用Delphi法进一步修订。可参考国外已发展成熟的安宁疗护准入标准，对其进行筛选及文化调试，编制出符合我国国情的安宁疗护准入标准。

关键词: 临终关怀医疗, 准入标准, 认知, 质性研究, 安宁疗护