Abstract: Objective　To investigate the diagnostic criteria for hypertension in women and understand their normal blood pressure level by comparing the gender differences in blood pressure.Methods　Women at the age of 18-20，21-30，31-40，41-50，51-60，and over 61 years from five villages in Suzhou，Anhui Province，who voluntarily went to the local clinic for examination were selected from May to December 2016，each age group with 150 cases via convenient sampling methods.The same number of male adults of the same age range in each village were enrolled by using the same sampling method and screening criteria.Blood pressure was measured by using a bench-top mercury sphygmomanometer，ventricular septal and/or left posterior wall thickening measured by echocardiography，and left ventricular high voltage and/or left axis deviation measured by electrocardiogram.Results　Except for 51-60 years group，the SBP and DBP of women were significantly lower than that of men （P<0.05）.The proportion of women in 18-20 years，21-30 years，31-40 years groups whose blood pressure were <90/60 mm Hg （1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa）was higher than that of men （P<0.05）.In people whose blood pressure were <90/60 mm Hg，SBP and DBP of female were （85.6±2.4） mm Hg，（55.4±1.0） mm Hg，and SBP and DBP of male were （87.9
±2.4） mm Hg，（58.7±0.7） mm Hg，respectively，and there was a statistically significant difference （t=-2.947，-10.694，P<0.05）.There was no significant difference in the ratio of people whose blood pressure were ≥140/90 mm Hg，120-139/80-89 mm Hg between men and women in all age groups （P>0.05）.In women with blood pressure of 120-139/80-89 mm Hg，incidence of symptoms such as headache，dizziness，palpitation，chest tightness，ventricular septal and/or left posterior wall thickening，and left ventricular high voltage and/or left axis deviation were higher than those of men （P<0.05）.Conclusion　There may be differences in normal blood pressure level and diagnostic criteria for hypertension in different gender.Normal blood pressure level in women maybe lower than that in men.Normal SBP and DBP in women may be 85-120 mm Hg，55-80 mm Hg，respectively.Female whose blood pressure are higher than 120/80 mm Hg may have hypertension.

Key words: Hypertension, Femininity, Diagnosis, Normal blood pressure

摘要： 目的　通过比较血压的性别差异，了解成年女性正常血压水平，探讨其高血压诊断标准。方法　采用便利抽样的方法，选取2016年5—12月安徽省宿州地区5个村自愿到当地诊室接受检查的18~20、21~30、31~40、41~50、51~60、≥61岁女性各150例。另外，采用相同的抽样方法和筛选标准在每个村选取相同年龄段、相同人数的成年男性。采用台式水银血压计测量血压，心脏彩超检查有无室间隔和/或左心室后壁增厚，心电图检查有无左心室高电压和/或电轴左偏。结果　除51~60岁人群外，各年龄段女性收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）均低于男性，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。18~20、21~30、31~40岁女性血压<90/60 mm Hg（1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa）比例高于男性（P<0.05）。在血压<90/60 mm Hg人群中，女性SBP、DBP分别为（85.6±2.4）、（55.4±1.0） mm Hg，男性SBP、DBP分别为（87.9±2.4）、（58.7±0.7） mm Hg，差异均有统计学意义（t=-2.947、-10.694，P<0.05）。各年龄段女性血压≥140/90、120~139/80~89 mm Hg比例与男性比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。在血压120~139/80~89 mm Hg人群中，女性头痛、头晕、心悸、胸闷等症状，室间隔和/或左心室后壁增厚，以及左心室高电压和/或电轴左偏发生率高于男性（P<0.05）。结论　不同性别人群正常血压水平、高血压诊断标准可能存在差异，女性正常血压水平低于男性，正常SBP、DBP可能分别为85~120、55~80 mm Hg，女性血压>120/80 mm Hg可能存在高血压。

关键词: 高血压, 女性, 诊断, 正常血压