Abstract: Objective　To investigate the pathogen constitute，the high-risk factors and clinical manifestations of pulmonary fungal disease in Guangxi，in order to improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods　We conducted a single-center retrospective study of histologically verified 89 cases of pulmonary fungal disease in the People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2004 to 2013.Pulmonary fungal disease questionnaire was designed.The general information，pathogen constitute，underlying diseases，high-risk factors，clinical manifestations，outcome and etc.were collected.Results　The top 2 pathogens were pulmonary aspergillosis（37 cases，41.6%）and pulmoanry cryptococcosis（32 cases，36.0%），followed by pulmonary candidasis（6 cases，6.7%），pulmoanry nocardiosis（5 cases，5.6%），pulmonary penicillium marneffei（5 cases，5.6%），pulmonary mucormycosis（3 cases，3.4%），and pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia（1 case，1.1%）in the pathogen constitute of all 89 cases of pulmonary fungal disease.Fifty-six cases（62.9%）had underlying diseases，which were mainly pulmonary diseases（41 cases，46.1%）and 11 cases（12.4%）had high-risk factors.The most common clinical symptoms were cough（62 cases，69.7%），expectoration（59 cases，66.3%），fever（14 cases，15.7%），hemoptysis（13 cases，14.6%），chest pain and dyspnea（both 9 cases，10.1%）.The medical signs of lungs included crakles（30 cases，33.7%），dry rales（19 cases，21.4%）and wheeze（6 cases，6.7%）.Conclusion　Pulmonary aspergillosis and pulmonary cryptococcosis are the most common pulmonary fungal pathogens.Most of the pulmonary fungal disease patients have underlying diseases and high-risk factors，mainly pulmonary diseases.The most common clinical manifestations are respiratory symptoms and without obvious specificity.

Key words: Lung diseases, fungal, Pulmonary aspergillosis, Cryptococcus

摘要： 目的　分析广西地区肺真菌病的病原学、高危因素及临床特征，以期提高肺真菌病的临床诊治水平。方法　回顾性收集2004—2013年在广西壮族自治区人民医院住院的89例肺真菌病患者的临床资料，设计肺真菌病调查表，收集患者一般资料、病原学、基础疾病、高危因素、临床特征及预后等资料。结果　89例肺真菌病患者致病菌构成中，以曲霉〔37例（41.6%）〕和隐球菌〔32例（36.0%）〕常见，其他包括假丝酵母菌〔6例（6.7%）〕、诺卡菌〔5例（5.6%）〕、马尔尼菲青霉菌〔5例（5.6%）〕、毛霉〔3例（3.4%）〕和肺孢子菌〔1例（1.1%）〕。56例（62.9%）患者存在基础疾病，以肺部疾病41例（46.1%）为主；11例（12.4%）患者存在高危因素。临床症状主要表现为咳嗽〔62例（69.7%）〕、咳痰〔59例（66.3%）〕、发热〔14例（15.7%）〕、咯血〔13例（14.6%）〕、胸痛〔9例（10.1%）〕、呼吸困难〔9例（10.1%）〕。肺部体征包括湿啰音30例（33.7%）、干啰音19例（21.4%）和哮鸣音6例（6.7%）。结论　肺曲霉病和肺隐球菌病是最常见的肺真菌病；多数患者具有基础疾病或高危因素，其中以肺部疾病为主；临床表现为常见呼吸道症状，未见明显特异性。

关键词: 肺疾病, 真菌性, 肺曲霉病, 隐球菌属