Abstract: At present, the scale of hearing problems is huge worldwide, and it is characterized by all age distribution, increasing with aging, and high preventable proportion, which has become an important public health problem. As the "gatekeeper" of residents' health, general practitioners play an irreplaceable role in early hearing health screening, risk factor intervention and health education. The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP) issued the "Guidelines for Preventive Activities in general Practice (10th edition)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Red Book") for the prevention and evaluation of hearing problems in general practice. This article focuses on hearing problems in the Red book and provides an in-depth analysis of the core responsibilities of general practitioners in hearing health management, including opportunistic identification of hearing problems, initial assessment, preventive health advice, and referral when necessary. aiming to provide a clear action framework for hearing related prevention activities in general practice. Combined with the epidemiological data and relevant research evidence of hearing loss at home and abroad, this paper deeply interprets the core content of the "Red Book" and analyzes the significance of hearing screening and assessment, so as to improve the primary hearing health prevention system in China and carry out targeted intervention for high-risk groups, which is of great practical significance for reducing the disease burden of hearing loss and improving the quality of life of residents.

Key words: Hearing, Hearing loss, General practice, Prevention, Screening, Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (PACGP), Public health

摘要： 当前全球范围内听力问题患病规模庞大，且呈现全年龄分布、增龄性升高、可预防比例高的特点，已成为重要的公共卫生问题。全科医生作为居民健康的“守门人”，在听力健康早期筛查、危险因素干预及健康宣教中具有不可替代的作用。澳大利亚全科医生学会（RACGP）发布的《全科医学的预防活动指南（第10版）》（以下简称“红皮书”）针对听力问题提出了系统的全科预防与评估建议。本文聚焦“红皮书”中的听力问题，深入剖析全科医生在听力健康管理中的核心职责，包括听力问题的机会性识别、初步评估、预防性健康建议及必要时转诊。旨在为全科医疗实践中听力相关预防活动提供清晰的行动框架。本文结合国内外听力损失流行病学数据与相关研究证据，深度解读“红皮书”核心内容，剖析听力筛查及评估意义，从而完善我国基层听力健康预防体系，开展针对性高危人群干预，对降低听力损伤疾病负担、改善居民生活质量具有重要现实意义。

关键词: 听力, 听力损失, 全科医学, 预防, 筛查, 澳大利亚全科医生学会, 公共卫生