Abstract: Background　The village clinics an important part of the rural health care service system，and the sustainability of construction and development is directly related to the quality and effectiveness of rural health care services. Objective　To conduct quantitative and visual analysis on the policy texts related to the construction of village clinics introduced in China，explore the key points and shortcomings of the policy system for village clinic construction，and provide reference for the formulation and improvement of future relevant policies. Methods　Accessed from the official websites of the State Council，the National Health and Wellness Commission，and the Beida Faber database，and searched with the keywords "village clinic" "village health center" "rural healthcare organization" "primary healthcare organization" "rural health" as keywords. The search was set from 2009-01-01 to 2023-03-01. Starting from the construction of an analytical framework in three dimensions：type of policy instrument，macro model of health system，and policy effectiveness，coding analysis was conducted using the quantitative analysis of text content，social network analysis was conducted on the subjects of the issued documents with the help of UCINET6，and word frequency analysis was conducted on the three periods combining with NVIVO. Results　A total of 304 policy codes were selected for 56 policy documents，with the policy tool dimension having the highest proportion of supply-side policy tools（50.99%） and relatively low proportion of demand-side policy tools（11.18%），In the macro model dimension of the health system，internal systems account for the most（74.67%） and external systems are less used（25.33%）；In terms of policy effectiveness，the policy effectiveness was highest in 2018（15 points） and lowest in 2012（3 points）. There are fewer joint departmental publications and more individual departmental publications. The policy focuses more on talent construction. Conclusion　The internal and external structure of policy tools is imbalanced，emphasizing supply over demand；The top-level policy design for the construction of village clinics is lacking，and there are too few targeted documents；The mechanism for inter departmental collaboration and linkage needs to be further improved.

Key words: Rural health, Village clinic, Health policy, Policy tools, Policy analysis

摘要： 背景　村卫生室是农村医疗卫生服务体系的重要组成部分，其建设和发展的可持续性直接关系到农村医疗卫生服务的质量和效果。目的　对我国出台的村卫生室建设相关政策文本进行计量和可视化分析，探究村卫生室建设政策体系的着重点和不足之处，为相关政策的制定及完善提供循证依据。方法　访问国务院、国家卫生健康委官方网站及北大法宝数据库，以“村卫生室”“村卫生所”“乡村医疗卫生机构”“基层医疗卫生机构”“农村卫生”为关键词进行检索，检索时限设定为 2009-01-01 至 2023-03-01。从政策工具类型、卫生系统宏观模型、政策效力 3个维度构建分析框架，对政策进行编码分析；采用 UCINET 6 软件对发文主体进行社会网络分析；结合 NVIVO 软件划分 3 个时期，对政策文本进行词频分析。结果　纳入 56 篇政策文本，共筛选出 304 条政策编码。政策工具维度供给型工具占比最多（50.99%），需求型工具占比较少（11.18%）；卫生系统宏观模型维度，内部系统占比最多（74.67%），外部系统占比较少（25.33%）；政策效力维度，2018 年政策效力最高（15 分），2012 年政策效力最低（3 分）。多部门间联合发文较少，单部门发文较多。政策关注点较多为人才建设。结论　政策工具内外部结构失衡，重供给、轻需求；村卫生室建设顶层政策设计缺乏，针对性文件过少；部门间协同联动机制有待进一步健全。

关键词: 农村卫生, 村卫生室, 卫生政策, 政策工具, 政策文本分析