Chinese General Practice ›› 2025, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (21): 2618-2624.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0694

• Original Research • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Short-term Prognosis of Acute Stanford A Aortic Dissection in Young and Middle-aged Patients Treated with a Hybrid Surgery Versus Sun's Procedure

  

  1. 1. Department of Cardiac Surgery, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
    2. School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
    3. Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
  • Received:2024-09-10 Revised:2025-02-20 Published:2025-07-20 Online:2025-06-05
  • Contact: ZHAO Yongbo

中青年急性Stanford A型主动脉夹层患者杂交手术与孙氏手术短期预后比较研究

  

  1. 1.050011 河北省石家庄市,河北医科大学第四医院心脏血管外科
    2.063210 河北省唐山市,华北理工大学公共卫生学院
    3.050017 河北省石家庄市,河北医科大学
  • 通讯作者: 赵永波
  • 作者简介:

    作者贡献:

    张云静、赵永波、马冬负责文章构思与设计,结果分析与解释,研究实施与可行性分析;孙玥负责临床数据收集;张云静、苏鹏负责数据整理与统计学分析;张云静负责撰写论文;赵永波、马冬负责文章质量控制及审校,对文章整体负责、监督管理。

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(81541149); 河北省自然科学基金面上项目(H2022206279); 神经与血管生物学教育部重点实验室主任基金青年基金项目(NV20210006); 河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(QN2022164); 2022年度河北省医学科学研究重点项目(20221293); 河北省卫生健康委政府资助临床医学优秀人才培养项目(ZF2025226)

Abstract:

Background

The incidence of acute Stanford A aortic dissection (ASAAD) is becoming younger and younger. Surgical procedures for ASAAD depend on the distinct characteristics of onset. Currently, the Sun's procedure and hybrid surgery are widely used surgical methods for treating ASAAD, but the short-term prognosis in young and middle-aged patients is rarely studied.

Objective

To compare the short-term prognosis of young and middle-aged ASAAD patients younger than 60 years treated with a hybrid surgery versus Sun's procedure.

Methods

Clinical data of 266 ASAAD patients younger than 60 years who were surgically treated in Department of Cardiac Surgery, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2015 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, including 184 patients undergoing the Sun's procedure (Sun's procedure group) , and 82 treated with a hybrid surgery (hybrid surgery group) . Propensity score matching (PSM) with a caliper value of 0.03 was adopted, and a total of 78 pairs of matched patients were obtained. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to compare the in-hospital mortality between groups.

Results

After PSM, there were 78 patients in both groups, including 58 males and 20 females. Except for cardiac troponin I (cTnI) , there were no statistically significant differences in other indicators between the two groups (P>0.05) . After PSM, patients in the hybrid surgery group had significantly more coronary/femoral artery bypass grafting procedures (28.2% vs. 11.5%, P=0.009) , higher lowest nasal temperature [28.0 (27.0, 28.8) ℃ vs. 25.5 (24.6, 28.6) ℃, P<0.001] and lowest anal temperature [28.5 (27.5, 29.5) ℃ vs. 26.3 (26.0, 28.6) ℃, P<0.001] , lower highest lactate value [5.2 (1.9, 9.9) mmol/L vs. 9.9 (4.3, 15.1) mmol/L, P<0.001] , and less transfusions of erythrocytes [10.0 (6.0, 12.0) ×109/L vs. 13.0 (8.0, 16.5) ×109/L, P=0.004] , cold precipitation [ (12.8±2.8) µ vs. (16.4±4.3) µ, P<0.001] and plasma [600.0 (443.7, 800.0) mL vs. 800.0 (587.5, 1 412.5) mL, P=0.011] than those of the Sun's procedure group. After PSM, the incidence of hypoproteinemia was significantly higher in the hybrid surgery group than the Sun's procedure group (33.3% vs. 9.0%, P<0.001) . The Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed a significantly lower 30-day in-hospital mortality in the hybrid surgery group than the Sun's procedure group (7.7% vs. 25.6%, P=0.030) .

Conclusion

A hybrid surgery leads to a lower 30-day in-hospital mortality in young and middle-aged ASAAD patients, but higher risk of complications like stroke, paraplegia and hypoproteinemia than the Sun's procedure. An individualized selection of the optimal surgical regimen is required for preventing risks and strengthening the management of postoperative complications.

Key words: Acute Stanford A aortic dissection, Aortic diseases, Hybrid surgery, Sun's procedure, Propensity score

摘要:

背景

急性Stanford A型主动脉夹层(ASAAD)发病越来越趋于年轻化,ASAAD不同的发病特点有其相应的手术治疗选择。目前,孙氏手术与杂交手术是应用较广的手术方式,但对于中青年患者两种手术方式的短期预后研究较少。

目的

对比分析60岁以下中青年ASAAD患者行杂交手术与孙氏手术的短期预后情况。

方法

回顾性观察2015年1月—2021年6月在河北医科大学第四医院心脏血管外科接受手术治疗的266例年龄<60岁的ASAAD患者,其中行孙氏手术184例(孙氏手术组),杂交手术82例(杂交手术组),应用倾向性评分进行匹配,卡钳值设定为0.03,共获得了78对匹配患者。采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析两组患者院内全因死亡率。

结果

倾向性匹配评分匹配后两组均78例,其中男58例、女20例;两组指标除肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)外,其他指标比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。倾向性评分匹配后:术中杂交手术组进行冠状动脉/股动脉搭桥术手术(28.2%与11.5%,P=0.009)较孙氏手术组多,最低鼻温[28.0(27.0,28.8)℃与25.5(24.6,28.6)℃,P<0.001]和最低肛温[28.5(27.5,29.5)℃与26.3(26.0,28.6)℃,P<0.001]较孙氏手术组高,乳酸最高值[5.2(1.9,9.9)mmol/L与9.9(4.3,15.1)mmol/L,P<0.001]较孙氏手术组低,红细胞[10.0(6.0,12.0)×109/L与13.0(8.0,16.5)×109/L,P=0.004]、冷沉淀[(12.8±2.8)u与(16.4±4.3)u,P<0.001]、血浆[600.0(443.7,800.0)mL与800.0(587.5,1412.5)mL,P=0.011]的输注量较孙氏手术组少。倾向匹配评分后杂交手术组低蛋白血症(33.3%与9.0%,P<0.001)发生率高于孙氏手术组。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析显示,杂交手术组患者30 d院内死亡率低于孙氏手术组(7.7%与25.6%,P=0.030)。

结论

中青年ASAAD患者行杂交手术后30 d院内死亡率降低,但中风、截瘫与低蛋白血症等并发症较孙氏手术多,需个性化的合理选择两种手术方式,尽可能地规避风险,加强术后并发症的管理。

关键词: 急性Stanford A型主动脉夹层, 主动脉疾病, 杂交手术, 孙氏手术, 倾向性评分