关键词: 盆底疾病, 盆底肌肉锻炼, 肌力, 盆腔器官脱垂, 尿失禁

Abstract: Objective　To explore the influences of pelvic floor muscle training（PFMT）and training opportunity on postpartum pelvic floor function，and provide references for females in selecting proper training opportunity.Methods　A total of 354 primiparas who had full-term normal vaginal delivery in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from February to September in 2014 participated in this study.These patients were randomly divided into control group （121 cases）,49-day postpartum group （114 cases） and 7-day postpartum group（119 cases） based on wards.In the control group,patients only received conventional postpartum health education,while 7-day postpartum group and 49-day postpartum group received 6 weeks of PFMT by Kegel training apart from conventional education at the 7th and 49th postpartum respectively.The latter two groups also wrote family training journals.Condition of pelvic floor muscles strength,pelvic organ prolapse,and SUI after 49 days,3 months,6 months,and 12 months postpartum were followed up.Results　At the end of follow up,a total of 16,17 and 20 cases had lost in control group,49-day postpartum group,and 7-day postpartum group respectively.Differences of pelvic floor muscle strengths of Ⅰ type muscles and Ⅱ type muscles at 49 days,3 months,6 months,and 12 months postpartum for patients in the three groups were statistically significant （P<0.05）; among which,muscle strengths of Ⅰ and Ⅱ type muscles at 3,6,and 12 months postpartum in 49-day postpartum group were better than those in control group （P<0.016）; muscle strengths of Ⅰ and Ⅱ type muscles at 49 days,3 months,6 months and 12 months postpartum in 7-day postpartum group were better than those in the other two groups（P<0.016）.Differences of all patients in terms of rate of uterine prolapse and descent vaginae posterior，degree of descensus vaginae anterior at 49 days,3 months,6 months and 12 months postpartum were not statistically significant （P>0.05）.The differences of SUI incidence in three groups at 49 days,3 months,6 months,and 12 months postpartum were statistically significant（P<0.05）;among which,SUI incidence at 49 days,3 months,6 months and 12 months postpartum for 7-day postpartum group were lower than those in other two groups （P<0.016）.Conclusion　Early PFMT postpartum effectively improves pelvic floor muscle strength,and reduce SUI incidence risks.

Key words: Pelvic floor disorders, Pelvic floor muscle training, Muscle strength, Pelvic organ prolapse, Urinary incontinence