人工智能在心理干预中的应用：效果、挑战与前景

doi:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0508

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 人工智能心理干预具有实时性、个性化、低污名化和无地域限制等优势，能够更精准地评估和干预心理健康问题，弥补传统心理健康服务的不足。目前，人工智能已被用于干预多种心理健康问题，但其实际应用效果仍缺乏有效整合。本文以抑郁症和焦虑症为例，综述了机器人、虚拟现实、游戏和应用程序等人工智能干预形式的效果。研究表明，这些干预措施能够有效缓解抑郁或焦虑症状，改善心理健康状况。然而，当前应用仍面临数据隐私安全、伦理法律问题、技术局限性、长期依存性和文化适应性等挑战。随着技术演进，未来人工智能心理干预有望拓展应用场景，融合多学科技术，并通过全球协作推动数据共享和伦理监管，进一步促进心理健康服务的智能化发展。

关键词: 心理健康, 心理干预, 人工智能, 聊天机器人, 虚拟现实

Abstract:

Artificial intelligence (AI) psychological interventions offer advantages such as real-time delivery, personalization, low stigma, and no geographical limitations, enabling more accurate assessment and intervention for mental health issues, thus addressing the shortcomings of traditional mental health services. While AI has been applied to address various mental health conditions, its practical effectiveness still lacks effective integration. Taking depression and anxiety disorders as an example, this paper reviews the efficacy of AI interventions, including robots, virtual reality, games, and applications. The findings show that these interventions can significantly alleviate depression or anxiety symptoms and improve mental health. However, challenges remain, including data privacy and security concerns, ethical and legal issues, technological limitations, long-term adherence, and cultural adaptability. With technological advancements, AI psychological interventions are expected to expand their application scenarios, integrate multidisciplinary approaches, and foster global collaboration for data sharing and ethical oversight, thereby advancing the intelligent development of mental health services.

Key words: Mental health, Psychological intervention, Artificial intelligence, Chatbot, Virtual reality

王慧,胡银环,冯显东,等. 人工智能在心理干预中的应用：效果、挑战与前景[J]. 中国全科医学, 2025, 28(25): 3209-3216. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0508.
WANG Hui,HU Yinhuan,FENG Xiandong, et al. The Application of Artificial Intelligence in Psychological Interventions: Effectiveness, Challenges, and Prospects[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2025, 28(25): 3209-3216. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0508.

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