关键词: 可逆性后部白质脑病综合征, 多处创伤, 低钠血症, 复合伤, 病例报告, 典型病例, 历史文献

Abstract: Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrom（RPLS），a group of rare neuroimaging syndrome with acute or subacute onset，mainly manifested as headache，dizziness，nausea，vomiting，seizure，visual abnormality，consciousness impairment and disturbance of mental behavior. The typical imaging fingdings of PRLS are reversible and symmetric lesions in white matter of the posterior brain areas. A case of RPLS caused by hyponatremia combined with traffic accident injuries was reported and related literatures were reviewed in this paper，indicating that hyponatremia may be a rare cause of RPLS. Therefore the occurrence of RPLS should be concerned when the hyponatremia caused by various reasons occurred in clinical practice，and early identification and treatment of are essential to prevent permanent neurological sequelae because of the reversibility of RPLS.

Key words: Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome, Multiple trauma, Hyponatremia, Combined injuries, Case reports, Typical cases, Historical article