关键词: 基层医疗卫生机构, 绩效考核, 绩效管理, 绩效工资, 卫生政策

Abstract: Using common performance assessment theories and methods，we systematically reviewed the performance assessment policies in primary healthcare published between 2009 and 2020，and summarized typical local practices，experiences as well as problems during the period in China. In this period，the policies on performance assessment in primary healthcare are consistent in essence but have been improved successively，such as the Guiding Opinions on the Implementation of Performance Assessment in Healthcare（No. 98〔2010〕of Department of Personnel of the Ministry of Health），Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Performance Assessment in Public Healthcare Institutions（No. 94〔2015〕of Department of Personnel of the Ministry of Health），and Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Performance Assessment in Primary Healthcare（Trial Version）（No. 9〔2020〕 of Department of Primary Health of the National Health Commission），the latter one strengthens the applicability of the assessment，and focuses more on economic operation and informatization. Considering the local innovative practices，typical experiences and problems，we put forward four recommendations on the basis of review of available evidence and our own experience of participating in the drafting of these policies：（1）Modifying the performance assessment system for primary healthcare at the regional level to be a version with clear normal reference value for each indicator and detailed scoring methods.（2）The normal reference values for indicators and scoring methods should be simulated with historical data，and modified continuously.（3）Determining the indicators assessed at the regional level，enhancing the tiered assessment，and highlighting the application of performance assessment results.（4）Using technologies to directly grasp quantitative data from the information platform to reduce the burden of assessing performance of primary healthcare institutions. We expect these recommendations will assist local primary healthcare institutions in implementing and improving performance assessment.

Key words: Primary medical and health institutions, Performance appraisal, Performance management, Pay for performance, Health policy