Interpretation of the 2024 International Society of Hypertension Position Paper on Innovations in Blood Pressure Measurement and Reporting Technology and Its Implications for China

doi:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2025.0077

Chinese General Practice ›› 2025, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (36): 4541-4549.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2025.0077

Special Issue: 高血压最新文章合辑

• Guidelines Interpretation • Previous Articles Next Articles

Interpretation of the 2024 International Society of Hypertension Position Paper on Innovations in Blood Pressure Measurement and Reporting Technology and Its Implications for China

1. General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward/Teaching & Research Section/General Practice Research Institute, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
2. West China School of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
3. National Engineering Research Center for Cryptography Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
4. West China Clinical Medicine College, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
5. Department of Dietary Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
6. Department of Emergency, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China

Received:2025-03-25 Revised:2025-06-01 Published:2025-12-20 Online:2025-12-04
Contact: YANG Rong

2024年《国际高血压学会立场文件：血压测量与报告技术创新》解读及对中国的启示

1．610000　四川省成都市，四川大学华西医院全科医学中心全科特需病房　全科医学教研室　全科医学研究室
2．610000　四川省成都市，四川大学华西医院护理学院
3．610000　四川省成都市，密码科技国家工程研究中心
4．610000　四川省成都市，四川大学华西临床医学院
5．610000　四川省成都市，四川大学华西医院膳食中心
6．610000　四川省成都市，四川大学华西医院急诊科

通讯作者: 杨荣
作者简介:
作者贡献：
张颖负责文章的构思、论文起草；杨荣负责质量控制及审校；廖晓阳、杨寒飞、余泳君、刘力滴、贾禹、沈灿、李霄、黄传应负责文献查阅、专业性审核以及论文修订；所有作者确认论文终稿。
基金资助:
癌症、心脑血管、呼吸和代谢性疾病防治研究国家科技重大专项常规项目(2024ZD0524706); 四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2023YFS0027); 四川省卫生健康委科技项目(川干研2023-101)

Abstract

Abstract:

Hypertension, as the leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality, requires accurate blood pressure measurement as a cornerstone of its management. Conventional blood pressure monitoring is limited by its intermittent and static nature, and inability to capture readings during daily activities. Emerging blood pressure measurement technologies are rapidly being integrated into clinical practice; however, their adoption is hindered by the lack of international consensus regarding validation criteria for accuracy, usability, acceptability, and reliability. In response, this article convenes expert interpretation of the latest International Society of Hypertension Position Paper on Innovations in Blood Pressure Measurement and Reporting Technology, aiming to inform evidence-based recommendations for community-based hypertension prevention and control strategies in China.

Key words: Hypertension, Cardiovascular diseases, Blood pressure measurement technologies, Digital intervention, Guidelines interpretation

摘要：

高血压是导致心血管疾病发病和死亡且可改变的首要危险因素，精准的血压测量是高血压管理的关键因素。传统的血压测量存在间断、静态、不能在日常活动期间捕获等缺陷，新的血压测量技术正在快速融入临床实践，但这些技术缺乏国际共识以验证其准确性、可用性、可接受性和可靠性。基于此，本文组织相关专家，解读最新《国际高血压学会立场文件：血压测量与报告技术创新》，以期为我国社区高血压防控提供参考。

关键词: 高血压, 心血管疾病, 血压测量技术, 数字干预, 指南解读

CLC Number:

R 544.1

ZHANG Ying,LIAO Xiaoyang,YANG Hanfei, et al. Interpretation of the 2024 International Society of Hypertension Position Paper on Innovations in Blood Pressure Measurement and Reporting Technology and Its Implications for China[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2025, 28(36): 4541-4549. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2025.0077.
张颖,廖晓阳,杨寒飞等. 2024年《国际高血压学会立场文件：血压测量与报告技术创新》解读及对中国的启示[J]. 中国全科医学, 2025, 28(36): 4541-4549. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2025.0077.

Figures/Tables 4

References 61

[1]	ROTH G A，MENSAH G A，JOHNSON C O，et al. Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors，1990-2019：update from the GBD 2019 study[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol，2020，76（25）：2982-3021. DOI：10.1016/j.jacc.2020.11.010.
[2]	中国高血压防治指南修订委员会，高血压联盟（中国），中国医疗保健国际交流促进会高血压病学分会，等. 中国高血压防治指南（2024年修订版）[J]. 中华高血压杂志（中英文），2024，32（7）：603-700. DOI：10.16439/j.issn.1673-7245.2024.07.002.
[3]	BOTHE T L，BILO G，PARATI G，et al. Impact of oscillometric measurement artefacts in ambulatory blood pressure monitoring on estimates of average blood pressure and of its variability：a pilot study[J]. J Hypertens，2023，41（1）：140-149. DOI：10.1097/HJH.0000000000003315.
[4]	BOTHE T L，KREUTZ R，GLOS M，et al. Simultaneous 24-h ambulatory blood pressure measurement on both arms：a consideration for improving hypertension management[J]. J Hypertens，2024，42（5）：828-840. DOI：10.1097/HJH.0000000000003632.
[5]	KRONISH I M，KENT S，MOISE N，et al. Barriers to conducting ambulatory and home blood pressure monitoring during hypertension screening in the United States[J]. J Am Soc Hypertens，2017，11（9）：573-580. DOI：10.1016/j.jash.2017.06.012.
[6]	国务院办公厅. 国务院办公厅关于印发"十四五"国民健康规划的通知[EB/OL]. [2025-03-23].
[7]	KARIO K，WILLIAMS B，TOMITANI N，et al. Innovations in blood pressure measurement and reporting technology：International Society of Hypertension position paper endorsed by the World Hypertension League，European Society of Hypertension，Asian Pacific Society of Hypertension，and Latin American Society of Hypertension[J]. J Hypertens，2024，42（11）：1874-1888. DOI：10.1097/HJH.0000000000003827.
[8]	BABBS C F. The origin of Korotkoff sounds and the accuracy of auscultatory blood pressure measurements[J]. J Am Soc Hypertens，2015，9（12）：935-950.e3. DOI：10.1016/j.jash.2015.09.011.
[9]	段以卓，邹玉宝. 临床上无创血压测量的方法及应用[J]. 中国分子心脏病学杂志，2024，24（1）：5928-5932. DOI：10.16563/j.cnki.1671-6272.2024.02.016.
[10]	KALLIOINEN N，HILL A，HORSWILL M S，et al. Sources of inaccuracy in the measurement of adult patients' resting blood pressure in clinical settings：a systematic review[J]. J Hypertens，2017，35（3）：421-441. DOI：10.1097/HJH.0000000000001197.
[11]	LIU J，LI Y M，LI J Q，et al. Sources of automatic office blood pressure measurement error：a systematic review[J]. Physiol Meas，2022，43（9）：09TR02. DOI：10.1088/1361-6579/ac890e.
[12]	ISHIGAMI J，CHARLESTON J，MILLER E R 3rd，et al. Effects of cuff size on the accuracy of blood pressure readings：the cuff（SZ） randomized crossover trial[J]. JAMA Intern Med，2023，183（10）：1061-1068. DOI：10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.3264.
[13]	KARIO K，TOMITANI N，IWASHITA C，et al. Simultaneous self-monitoring comparison of a supine algorithm-equipped wrist nocturnal home blood pressure monitoring device with an upper arm device[J]. J Clin Hypertens（Greenwich），2021，23（4）：793-801. DOI：10.1111/jch.14179.
[14]	WANG L L，XIAN H，GUO J J，et al. A novel blood pressure monitoring technique by smart HUAWEI WATCH：a validation study according to the ANSI/AAMI/ISO 81060-2：2018 guidelines[J]. Front Cardiovasc Med，2022，9：923655. DOI：10.3389/fcvm.2022.923655.
[15]	卒中预防，不舍昼夜——使用家庭监测工具预防卒中的新视角[EB/OL]. [2025-03-23].
[16]	KUWABARA M，HARADA K，HISHIKI Y，et al. Validation of a wrist-type home nocturnal blood pressure monitor in the sitting and supine position according to the ANSI/AAMI/ISO81060-2：2013 guidelines：Omron HEM-9601T[J]. J Clin Hypertens（Greenwich），2020，22（6）：970-978. DOI：10.1111/jch.13864.
[17]	SMITH N T，WESSELING K H，DE WIT B. Evaluation of two prototype devices producing noninvasive，pulsatile，calibrated blood pressure measurement from a finger[J]. J Clin Monit，1985，1（1）：17-29. DOI：10.1007/BF02832685.
[18]	IMHOLZ B P，LANGEWOUTERS G J，VAN MONTFRANS G A，et al. Feasibility of ambulatory，continuous 24-hour finger arterial pressure recording[J]. Hypertension，1993，21（1）：65-73. DOI：10.1161/01.hyp.21.1.65.
[19]	PARATI G，CASADEI R，GROPPELLI A，et al. Comparison of finger and intra-arterial blood pressure monitoring at rest and during laboratory testing[J]. Hypertension，1989，13（6 Pt 1）：647-655. DOI：10.1161/01.hyp.13.6.647.
[20]	王聪，肖淑绵，王慧泉，等. 一种精确监测低灌注下无创血压的前端采集设计[J]. 生物医学工程研究，2023，42（3）：257-264. DOI：10.19529/j.cnki.1672-6278.2023.03.08.
[21]	WAGNER J Y，PRANTNER J S，MEIDERT A S，et al. Noninvasive continuous versus intermittent arterial pressure monitoring：evaluation of the vascular unloading technique （CNAP device） in the emergency department[J]. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med，2014，22：8. DOI：10.1186/1757-7241-22-8.
[22]	MUKKAMALA R，STERGIOU G S，AVOLIO A P. Cuffless blood pressure measurement[J]. Annu Rev Biomed Eng，2022，24：203-230. DOI：10.1146/annurev-bioeng-110220-014644.
[23]	PILZ N，PATZAK A，BOTHE T L. Continuous cuffless and non-invasive measurement of arterial blood pressure-concepts and future perspectives[J]. Blood Press，2022，31（1）：254-269. DOI：10.1080/08037051.2022.2128716.
[24]	KARIO K. Management of hypertension in the digital era：small wearable monitoring devices for remote blood pressure monitoring[J]. Hypertension，2020，76（3）：640-650. DOI：10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.14742.
[25]	HAN M J，LEE Y R，PARK T，et al. Feasibility and measurement stability of smartwatch-based cuffless blood pressure monitoring：a real-world prospective observational study[J]. Hypertens Res，2023，46（4）：922-931. DOI：10.1038/s41440-023-01215-z.
[26]	MIN S，AN J，LEE J H，et al. Wearable blood pressure sensors for cardiovascular monitoring and machine learning algorithms for blood pressure estimation[J]. Nat Rev Cardiol，2025. DOI：10.1038/s41569-025-01127-0.
[27]	KIM J，CHANG S G，PARK S W. First-in-human study for evaluating the accuracy of smart ring based cuffless blood pressure measurement[J]. J Korean Med Sci，2024，39（2）：e18. DOI：10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e18.
[28]	LEE H J，PARK S，KWON H，et al. Feasibility and effectiveness of a ring-type blood pressure measurement device compared with 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring device[J]. Korean Circ J，2024，54（2）：93-104. DOI：10.4070/kcj.2023.0303.
[29]	ELGENDI M，FLETCHER R，LIANG Y B，et al. The use of photoplethysmography for assessing hypertension[J]. NPJ Digit Med，2019，2：60. DOI：10.1038/s41746-019-0136-7.
[30]	FREY L，MENON C，ELGENDI M. Blood pressure measurement using only a smartphone[J]. NPJ Digit Med，2022，5（1）：86. DOI：10.1038/s41746-022-00629-2.
[31]	SCHOETTKER P，DEGOTT J，HOFMANN G，et al. Blood pressure measurements with the OptiBP smartphone app validated against reference auscultatory measurements[J]. Sci Rep，2020，10（1）：17827. DOI：10.1038/s41598-020-74955-4.
[32]	YANG D Y，XIAO G M，WEI J，et al. Preliminary assessment of video-based blood pressure measurement according to ANSI/AAMI/ISO81060-2：2013 guideline accuracy criteria：Anura smartphone app with transdermal optimal imaging technology[J]. Blood Press Monit，2020，25（5）：295-298. DOI：10.1097/MBP.0000000000000467.
[33]	CHANDRASEKHAR A，KIM C S，NAJI M，et al. Smartphone-based blood pressure monitoring via the oscillometric finger-pressing method[J]. Sci Transl Med，2018，10（431）：eaap8674. DOI：10.1126/scitranslmed.aap8674.
[34]	WAGNER J Y，GROND J，FORTIN J，et al. Continuous noninvasive cardiac output determination using the CNAP system：evaluation of a cardiac output algorithm for the analysis of volume clamp method-derived pulse contour[J]. J Clin Monit Comput，2016，30（4）：487-493. DOI：10.1007/s10877-015-9744-1.
[35]	KOKUBO A，KUWABARA M，OTA Y，et al. Nocturnal blood pressure surge in seconds is a new determinant of left ventricular mass index[J]. J Clin Hypertens （Greenwich），2022，24（3）：271-282. DOI：10.1111/jch.14383.
[36]	ASAYAMA K，FUJIWARA T，HOSHIDE S，et al. Nocturnal blood pressure measured by home devices：evidence and perspective for clinical application[J]. J Hypertens，2019，37（5）：905-916. DOI：10.1097/HJH.0000000000001987.
[37]	STERGIOU G S，ALPERT B，MIEKE S，et al. A universal standard for the validation of blood pressure measuring devices：Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/European Society of Hypertension/International Organization for Standardization（AAMI/ESH/ISO） Collaboration Statement[J]. J Hypertens，2018，36（3）：472-478. DOI：10.1097/HJH.0000000000001634.
[38]	STERGIOU G S，PALATINI P，ASMAR R，et al. Recommendations and Practical Guidance for performing and reporting validation studies according to the Universal Standard for the validation of blood pressure measuring devices by the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/European Society of Hypertension/International Organization for Standardization （AAMI/ESH/ISO）[J]. J Hypertens，2019，37（3）：459-466. DOI：10.1097/HJH.0000000000002039.
[39]	HU J R，MARTIN G，IYENGAR S，et al. Validating cuffless continuous blood pressure monitoring devices[J]. Cardiovasc Digit Health J，2023，4（1）：9-20. DOI：10.1016/j.cvdhj.2023.01.001.
[40]	刘靖，刘静，张宇清，等. 智能可穿戴设备在中青年血压管理中应用中国专家共识[J]. 中华高血压杂志，2022，30（8）：720-724. DOI：10.16439/j.issn.1673-7245.2022.08.005.
[41]	SCHUTTE A E，KOLLIAS A，STERGIOU G S. Blood pressure and its variability：classic and novel measurement techniques[J]. Nat Rev Cardiol，2022，19（10）：643-654. DOI：10.1038/s41569-022-00690-0.
[42]	STERGIOU G S，AVOLIO A P，PALATINI P，et al. European Society of Hypertension recommendations for the validation of cuffless blood pressure measuring devices：European Society of Hypertension Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring and Cardiovascular Variability[J]. J Hypertens，2023，41（12）：2074-2087. DOI：10.1097/HJH.0000000000003483.
[43]	SCHNEIDER F，MAURER C，FRIEDBERG R C. International organization for standardization（ISO） 15189[J]. Ann Lab Med，2017，37（5）：365-370. DOI：10.3343/alm.2017.37.5.365.
[44]	TAN I，GNANENTHIRAN S R，CHAN J，et al. Evaluation of the ability of a commercially available cuffless wearable device to track blood pressure changes[J]. J Hypertens，2023，41（6）：1003-1010. DOI：10.1097/HJH.0000000000003428.
[45]	SCALISE F，MARGONATO D，SOLE A，et al. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring by a novel cuffless device：a pilot study[J]. Blood Press，2020，29（6）：375-381. DOI：10.1080/08037051.2020.1785273.
[46]	SOCRATES T，KRISAI P，VISCHER A S，et al. Improved agreement and diagnostic accuracy of a cuffless 24-h blood pressure measurement device in clinical practice[J]. Sci Rep，2021，11（1）：1143. DOI：10.1038/s41598-020-80905-x.
[47]	KOMORI T，EGUCHI K，HOSHIDE S，et al. Comparison of wrist-type and arm-type 24-h blood pressure monitoring devices for ambulatory use[J]. Blood Press Monit，2013，18（1）：57-62. DOI：10.1097/MBP.0b013e32835d124f.
[48]	PROENÇA M，AMBÜHL J，BONNIER G，et al. Method-comparison study between a watch-like sensor and a cuff-based device for 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring[J]. Sci Rep，2023，13（1）：6149. DOI：10.1038/s41598-023-33205-z.
[49]	BO Y C，KWOK K O，CHUNG V C，et al. Short-term reproducibility of ambulatory blood pressure measurements：a systematic review and meta-analysis of 35 observational studies[J]. J Hypertens，2020，38（11）：2095-2109. DOI：10.1097/HJH.0000000000002522.
[50]	SAYER G，PIPER G，VOROVICH E，et al. Continuous monitoring of blood pressure using a wrist-worn cuffless device[J]. Am J Hypertens，2022，35（5）：407-413. DOI：10.1093/ajh/hpac020.
[51]	KARIO K，TOMITANI N，MORIMOTO T，et al. Relationship between blood pressure repeatedly measured by a wrist-cuff oscillometric wearable blood pressure monitoring device and left ventricular mass index in working hypertensive patients[J]. Hypertens Res，2022，45（1）：87-96. DOI：10.1038/s41440-021-00758-3.
[52]	杨荣，杨梓钰，廖晓阳，等. 2023年意大利高血压学会《远程医疗和数字医疗在高血压和高血压相关心血管疾病临床管理中的应用》立场声明文件解读[J]. 中国全科医学，2024，27（26）：3197-3203. DOI：10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2004.0096.
[53]	EISENKRAFT A，GOLDSTEIN N，MERIN R，et al. Developing a real-time detection tool and an early warning score using a continuous wearable multi-parameter monitor[J]. Front Physiol，2023，14：1138647. DOI：10.3389/fphys.2023.1138647.
[54]	HONG J Y，ZHENG Y L，WU S H，et al. Characterization of the vascular system using overnight wearable-based pulse arrival time and ambulatory blood pressure：a pilot study[J]. Comput Biol Med，2021，137：104861. DOI：10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104861.
[55]	KARIO K，KANEGAE H，TOMITANI N，et al. Nighttime blood pressure measured by home blood pressure monitoring as an independent predictor of cardiovascular events in general practice[J]. Hypertension，2019，73（6）：1240-1248. DOI：10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.12740.
[56]	ZHOU L，HE L，KONG Y，et al. Effectiveness of mHealth interventions for improving hypertension control in uncontrolled hypertensive patients：a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J]. J Clin Hypertens （Greenwich），2023，25（7）：591-600. DOI：10.1111/jch.14690.
[57]	KATZ M E，MSZAR R，GRIMSHAW A A，et al. Digital health interventions for hypertension management in US populations experiencing health disparities：a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. JAMA Netw Open，2024，7（2）：e2356070. DOI：10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.56070.
[58]	TROMP J，JINDAL D，REDFERN J，et al. World heart federation roadmap for digital health in cardiology[J]. Glob Heart，2022，17（1）：61. DOI：10.5334/gh.1141.
[59]	YE X Y，ZENG Q T，FACELLI J C，et al. Predicting optimal hypertension treatment pathways using recurrent neural networks[J]. Int J Med Inform，2020，139：104122. DOI：10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2020.104122.
[60]	国家心血管病中心国家基本公共卫生服务项目基层高血压管理办公室，国家基层高血压管理专家委员会. 国家基层高血压防治管理指南2020版[J]. 中国循环杂志，2021，36（3）：209-220. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1000-3614.2021.03.001.
[61]	中华人民共和国国务院. 中国防治慢性病中长期规划（2017-2025年）[J]. 中国实用乡村医生杂志，2017，24（11）：6-11. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-7185.2017.11.002.

技术	定义	基于袖带的血压监测技术		无袖带血压监测技术
技术	定义	基于袖带的腕戴式装置	指套装置	腕戴式装置	智能环	基于PPG的智能手机
可穿戴设备	可在日常活动中佩戴（如腕表型、戒指型、上臂型）	适用	部分技术适用	适用	适用
非可穿戴设备	用于静态条件下或有限场景中的偶尔测量（如听诊法、上臂型设备）		适用			适用（便携但不可穿戴）
无袖带技术	通过PPG、动脉张力描记术、心电图、心冲击图、生物电阻抗、心震图、超声等技术或其组合，并结合人工智能算法实现血压测量
基于袖带的技术	通过佩戴于上臂、手腕或手指的可充气袖带测量血压（如听诊法、示波法）	适用	适用
连续测量	可连续监测血压，并以≤30 s的间隔输出读数
	适用	部分技术适用	适用
间歇监测	以>30 s的间隔监测血压（如示波法）	适用		部分技术适用		适用
逐搏监测	可逐搏监测血压值（连续血压监测的子类，如张力测量法、容积钳法或脉搏波传导时间法）		适用	部分技术适用

技术	定义	基于袖带的血压监测技术		无袖带血压监测技术
技术	定义	基于袖带的腕戴式装置	指套装置	腕戴式装置	智能环	基于PPG的智能手机
可穿戴设备	可在日常活动中佩戴（如腕表型、戒指型、上臂型）	适用	部分技术适用	适用	适用
非可穿戴设备	用于静态条件下或有限场景中的偶尔测量（如听诊法、上臂型设备）		适用			适用（便携但不可穿戴）
无袖带技术	通过PPG、动脉张力描记术、心电图、心冲击图、生物电阻抗、心震图、超声等技术或其组合，并结合人工智能算法实现血压测量
基于袖带的技术	通过佩戴于上臂、手腕或手指的可充气袖带测量血压（如听诊法、示波法）	适用	适用
连续测量	可连续监测血压，并以≤30 s的间隔输出读数
	适用	部分技术适用	适用
间歇监测	以>30 s的间隔监测血压（如示波法）	适用		部分技术适用		适用
逐搏监测	可逐搏监测血压值（连续血压监测的子类，如张力测量法、容积钳法或脉搏波传导时间法）		适用	部分技术适用

项目	IEEE 2014-2019^[41]	ISO 2022^[42]	ESH 2023^[41，43]
设备类型	可穿戴/连续式	连续式（重症监护）	间歇式/可穿戴
研究样本量（人）	≥85	30~120	85~175
参考方法	手动听诊法	有创动脉压	手动听诊法/动态振荡法
验证测试
校准后测试	是	是	部分设备
不同体位测试	是	是	部分设备
血压变化追踪	急性变化	急性变化	急性及长期
重新校准前测试	是	是	部分设备
测试/参考血压测量方式	同步或顺序测量	同步测量	顺序/动态同步测量
允许误差（mmHg）	≤7	≤（6±10）	≤（5±8）

项目	IEEE 2014-2019^[41]	ISO 2022^[42]	ESH 2023^[41，43]
设备类型	可穿戴/连续式	连续式（重症监护）	间歇式/可穿戴
研究样本量（人）	≥85	30~120	85~175
参考方法	手动听诊法	有创动脉压	手动听诊法/动态振荡法
验证测试
校准后测试	是	是	部分设备
不同体位测试	是	是	部分设备
血压变化追踪	急性变化	急性变化	急性及长期
重新校准前测试	是	是	部分设备
测试/参考血压测量方式	同步或顺序测量	同步测量	顺序/动态同步测量
允许误差（mmHg）	≤7	≤（6±10）	≤（5±8）

领域	挑战
证据差距	缺乏或有限的数据用于指导临床决策缺乏或有限的高血压预防和检测数据缺乏或有限关于服用降压药的高血压成人患者血压改善的数据缺乏针对老年人、非白人种族和族裔群体及特殊人群（肥胖人群、孕妇等）的验证数据缺乏血压数据可重复性/可靠性数据缺乏院外血压测量设备的耐受性数据缺乏患者对新型院外血压测量设备依从性的数据缺乏使用新设备测量的血压与心血管结局关联的数据，以及通过新设备降低血压是否与心血管风险降低相关的研究缺乏基于新设备读数定义"高血压"的血压阈值数据新设备可能有助于识别新血压表型，但这些表型的临床意义尚不明确
技术问题	需要专门针对此类设备设计的新型验证流程（比袖带式血压设备要求更高）新型无袖带监测设备需重复校准专有技术的使用（不同设备记录的血压是否一致不明确，尤其影响无袖带血压设备） "黑箱"方法比示波法更难理解（如机器学习/深度学习/神经网络）设备须具备足够的存储空间记录测量值或传输数据至应用程序应用程序需配备系统警报，避免对患者和/或医疗团队过度提醒
人为因素	院外血压监测信息过载对临床医生的风险频繁的院外血压测量（部分数值可能偏高）增加患者焦虑，导致更频繁联系临床医生患者和临床医生对使用新型监测设备缺乏信任
系统因素	监管审批流程复杂新型监测设备的报销机制不明确缺乏电子健康记录联动，临床团队决策的反馈循环不完整

Interpretation of the 2024 International Society of Hypertension Position Paper on Innovations in Blood Pressure Measurement and Reporting Technology and Its Implications for China

2024年《国际高血压学会立场文件：血压测量与报告技术创新》解读及对中国的启示

RichHTML

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 4

References 61

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	ZHOU Xiaoya, WANG Weikai, LIU Qian, LI Jianhua, SUN Bo, WANG Yanxia. Study of the Interaction between Sleep Quality and Melatonin Receptor 1B Gene Polymorphism on Gestational Hypertension [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2026, 29(21): 2975-2981.
[2]	REYILAI· Maimaiti, ZHOU Yiran, WU Yun, LIU Zhencheng, LU Yaoqin, WU Haiyan. Association between Novel Obesity Indicators and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Hypertensive Patients [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2026, 29(20): 2836-2845.
[3]	ZHANG Xiaojuan, LIU Yang, PENG Bo, YE Yuan, ZHU Kun. Study on the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus in Community Hospital [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2026, 29(19): 2614-2620.
[4]	MIAO Jingjie, ZHANG Jinwen, WU Qianhao, HAN Peipei. Research Advances on the Effects of Intermittent Fasting on Cardiometabolic Diseases [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2026, 29(18): 2538-2545.
[5]	XU Ping, MA Yan, HUANG Li, HE Meiliang, HOU Yunfeng, WANG Dewang, SUN Panpan, LIU Zheng, GUO Yanfang, XU Ying. Association between Weight-adjusted Waist Index and Comorbidity of Hypertension, Diabetes and Dyslipidemia in Community-dwelling Adults [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2026, 29(16): 2198-2204.
[6]	QIU Xinyu, ZHAO Qian, CHEN Yufei, JIAMULE· Maimaitiyiming, HAN Congcong, AIKEDAN· Aierken, LI Xiaomei, YANG Yining. Weight Status and Metabolic Characteristics on the Longitudinal Trajectory of Systolic Blood Pressure: a Cohort Study [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2026, 29(15): 2006-2013.
[7]	LIU Fan, CHEN Qiuyu, LI Jing. Development and Validation of a Nighttime Hypertension Screening Model for Subclinical High-risk Populations: a Single-center Cohort Study [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2026, 29(15): 1998-2005.
[8]	LIU Tianyuan, SANG Wanyue, PENG Jiping, CHENG Siyi, HUANG Yiyi, LI Ouwen, JIANG Hong, ZHOU Xiaoya. Correlation Analysis between Neurofilament Light Chain and the Risk of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Patients with Nocturnal Hypertension [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2026, 29(15): 2014-2021.
[9]	WANG Siman, ZHANG Mengchu, LI Wen, XU Ai, XU Jin, GUO Rui, YAN Haixia. Research on the Construction of a Risk Prediction Model for Primary Hypertension with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Based on TCM Syndromes and Pulse Graph Parameters [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2026, 29(14): 1840-1848.
[10]	WU Chunxiang, TIAN Jie, GUO Yi, DENG Bo, YU Jie, CAI Ning, SHEN Li. Analysis of the 8-year Trajectories and Influencing Factors of Medical-help-seeking Behavior of Hypertensive Patients [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2026, 29(13): 1660-1665.
[11]	SONG Lu, WANG Liye, XIU Chunxia, FENG Baojing, FENG Liping, GAO Yansong, LI Meng, DAI Yan. The Correlation Study of Pulmonary Function and Blood Pressure Variability in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Hypertension [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2026, 29(10): 1311-1315.
[12]	JIAO Xitong, LIU Lu, GUO Jiayue, YOU Lili. Prospects for the Application of Digital Therapy Products for Hypertension at Home and Abroad and the Implications for China [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2026, 29(10): 1354-1360.
[13]	YANG Xu, FAN Jieting, SONG Hongyan, FENG Panpan, HAO Jingyu, YAO Mi. Risk Assessment and Communication Strategies for Cardiovascular Diseases in Primary Care [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2026, 29(10): 1294-1299.
[14]	PEI Zhiyi, ZHANG Xiaoxin, LIN Jiayi, ZHANG Xiangyi, KANG Xiaofeng. Systematic Review of the Quality and Application of Patient Decision Aids in Cardiovascular Disease Based on IPDAS 4.0 Criteria [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2026, 29(07): 945-952.
[15]	ZHANG Qiuyu, HU Xiaoyong, TANG Rui, LI Hongjian. Correlation between Chinese Visceral Adiposity Index and Nocturnal Hypertension in Young and Middle-aged People [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2026, 29(07): 872-878.