The standardized management of pain after open-heart surgery in children with congenital heart disease is very important, and there is no systematic best evidence for pain management after open-heart surgery in children with congenital heart disease.

To summarize the best evidence for pain management after open-heart surgery in children with congenital heart disease, and provide an evidence-based basis for clinical practice.

We systematically searched UpToDate Clinical Advisor, BMJ Best Clinical Practice, International Guideline Collaboration Network, National Guidelines Clearinghouse, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, Yimaitong Guideline Network, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, Wanfang Data, VIP Database, CNKI, Sinomed, American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, European Society of Cardiology, American Pain Society, and Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario for clinical decisions, guidelines, expert consensus, evidence summaries, systematic reviews, and randomized controlled trials on pain management in children with congenital heart disease after open - chest surgery. The search period was from the establishment of the database to January 1, 2025. After methodological quality evaluation, the evidence was extracted and summarized according to the themes.

A total of 15 papers were included, including 1 guideline, 1 expert consensus, 3 systematic evaluations, and 10 randomized controlled trials, and 26 pieces of evidence in 4 areas of pain management principles, pain assessment, pharmacological pain management strategies, and nonpharmacological pain management strategies were finally summarized through reading, extraction, and summarization.

Forming the best evidence regarding pain management principles, pain assessment, drug-based pain relief strategies, and non-drug-based pain relief strategies for children with congenital heart disease after undergoing thoracotomy surgery, can provide clinical medical workers with evidence support and improve the quality of clinical care.

先天性心脏病患儿行开胸手术后疼痛的规范化管理十分重要，目前尚未形成系统的针对先天性心脏病患儿行开胸手术后疼痛管理的最佳证据。

对先天性心脏病患儿行开胸手术后疼痛管理的最佳证据进行总结，为临床实践提供循证依据。

系统检索UpToDate临床顾问、BMJ最佳临床实践、国际指南协作网、美国国立指南库、英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所、医脉通指南网、Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、CINAHL、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网、中国知网、中国生物医学文献服务系统及美国心脏病协会、美国心血管学会、欧洲心脏病协会、美国疼痛协会、加拿大安大略注册护士协会网站，获取关于先天性心脏病患儿行开胸手术后疼痛管理的临床决策、指南、专家共识、证据总结、系统评价及随机对照试验，检索时限为建库至2025-01-01，进行方法学质量评价后，依据主题对证据提取和汇总。

共纳入15篇文献，其中指南1篇，专家共识1篇，系统评价3篇，随机对照试验10篇，通过阅读、提取、归纳最终总结了疼痛管理原则、疼痛评估、药物止痛策略、非药物止痛策略4个方面的26条证据。

形成先天性心脏病患儿行开胸手术后疼痛管理中关于疼痛管理原则、疼痛评估、药物止痛策略、非药物止痛策略的最佳证据，可为临床医务工作者提供证据支持，提高临床护理质量。