Sleep quality is an important influence on arteriosclerosis (AS), but the category characteristics of sleep quality need to be further explored, and the association of each category with AS has not been clarified.

To explore the potential categories of sleep quality and analyze the association with AS, providing reference for refining individualized prevention strategies for AS.

The data of this study were obtained from the baseline survey of the "Follow-up Study of Sleep Characteristics and Chronic Diseases in the Middle-aged and Elderly Population in Guizhou Province", which was conducted from March to November 2022. Field questionnaires, physical examination and laboratory tests were conducted by uniformly trained investigators and professionals. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to evaluate sleep quality problems, and latent class analysis (LCA) was performed using the scores of each dimension. Modified Poisson regression was used to analyze the association between sleep quality categories and AS. Stratification analysis was also conducted by gender, age and sleeping late.

A total of 1 059 adults were included and a total of 558 patients with AS were detected, with a detection rate of 52.69%. Four sleep quality categories were identified via the LCA, including good sleep type (category 1, n=458), sleep deprivation with poor nighttime sleep quality (category 2, n=248), inefficient and insufficient sleep type (category 3, n=238), and multiple sleep problems type (category 4, n=115). The risk of AS was higher in the category 3 population than in category 1 (PR=1.14, 95%CI=1.00-1.30). Subgroup analyses revealed that in the female population, the risk of AS was higher in category 3 and category 4 compared to category 1, with PR=1.44 (95%CI=1.11-1.86) and 1.41 (95%CI=1.06-1.90). In addition, association between sleep quality categories and AS in the male population was not statistically significant. Compared with in category 1, higher risk of AS was detected in category 4 in the late-sleeping population and in category 3 in the non-late-sleeping group, with PR=1.26 (95%CI=1.02-1.56) and 1.20 (95%CI=1.00-1.43), respectively. No statistically significant difference in AS risk were found between category 2 and category 1 (P>0.05) .

Four categories characterizing sleep quality were identified among adults aged 40 to 65 years, each showing different associations with AS. Classification of sleep problems should be combined into individual interventions for better prevention against AS, especially for women and late sleepers.

睡眠质量是成年人动脉硬化（AS）的重要影响因素，但其睡眠质量的类别特征尚需进一步探讨，且各睡眠质量类别特征与AS的关联尚未明确。

了解40~65岁人群睡眠质量的潜在类别，分析不同睡眠质量类别与AS的关联，为完善AS的个体化防制策略提供参考依据。

本研究数据来源于2022年3—11月"贵州省中老年人群睡眠特征及其与慢性病的随访研究"的基线调查。由经过统一培训的调查员和专业人员进行现场问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测。使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表进行睡眠质量调查，利用其各维度得分进行潜在类别分析（LCA）。采用修正Poisson回归分析睡眠质量类别与AS的关联，以性别、年龄和是否晚睡进行分层，探讨不同亚组人群睡眠质量类别与AS的关联。

共纳入研究对象1 059人，共检出AS患者558例，检出率为52.69%。LCA识别出4种睡眠质量类别，为睡眠相对良好型（类别1，n=458）、睡眠不足伴夜间睡眠质量差型（类别2，n=248）、睡眠低效且不足型（类别3，n=238）和睡眠多重问题型（类别4，n=115）。修正Poisson回归分析结果显示，类别3人群AS的患病风险高于类别1（PR=1.14，95%CI=1.00~1.30）。亚组分析显示：在女性人群中，类别3和类别4人群患AS的风险分别是类别1人群的1.44倍（95%CI=1.11~1.86）和1.41倍（95%CI=1.06~1.90）；男性人群各睡眠质量类别与AS的关联无统计学意义（P>0.05）；晚睡人群中类别4人群患AS的风险是类别1人群的1.26倍（95%CI=1.02~1.56）；在非晚睡人群中，类别3人群患AS的风险是类别1人群的1.20倍（95%CI=1.00~1.43）。在4类人群中，类别2人群与AS的关联均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。

40~65岁人群睡眠质量存在4种潜在的类别特征，不同睡眠类别特征与AS的关联存在一定差异。应结合人群睡眠问题分类进行针对性干预，以预防AS的发生，尤其重点关注女性和晚睡人群。