Pneumonia in children poses a serious disease burden globally, and pneumococcal conjugate vaccination is the most direct and effective preventive measure against pneumococcal disease, while there is a lack of information on the coverage of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in children.

To analyze the vaccination rate of PCV13 in children born from 2017 to 2022 in Jiangsu Province, find the difference and reasons under different circumstances, and provide reference on improvement of PCV13 vaccination rate for future.

Through the Jiangsu provincial vaccination management information system, the basic information and vaccination information of PCV13 (as of 2023-12-31) were collected, including the date of birth, gender, household registration attributes, date of vaccination, and the number of doses of vaccination and other basic information, and the data were descriptive analyzed.

There were 4 537 123 children registered in the Jiangsu provincial vaccination management information system from 2017 to 2022, of which 784 220 children were vaccinated with 2 406 974 doses of PCV13, with a vaccination rate of 17.28%. In Jiangsu Province, there were 697 698 children given the first dose of vaccination, of which 82 503 (11.83%) were given the first dose at <2 months of age, 511 273 (73.28%) at 2-6 months of age, 26 106 (3.74%) at 7-11 months of age, 38 530 (5.52%) at 12-24 months of age, and 39 286 (5.63%) at 2-5 years of age. The rate of 1, 2, 3, and 4 doses of vaccination was higher among resident children (16.11%, 14.71%, 13.43%, and 11.50%) than among migrant children (13.87%, 12.70%, 11.42%, and 9.52%) (P<0.05). In terms of regional distribution, the vaccination rate of each dose was in the order of South Jiangsu, Central Jiangsu and North Jiangsu from high to low, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In terms of gender, there was no statistically significant difference in the rates of the first dose and the second doses of vaccination between boys and girls (P>0.05) ; but the rates of the 3rd and 4th doses of vaccination were lower in boys than in girls (P<0.05). Among children born in 2017-2022, the rate of 1, 2, 3, and 4 doses of vaccination increased with the year of birth (P<0.05). The proportion of children aged 2-6 months who received the first dose of PCV13 was the highest among children of different household registration, gender, year of birth and region, and significant differences were also observed in the ages at the first vaccination of the children from various household registration, of both genders, with various regions, and in various years of birth (P<0.05) .

The vaccination rate of PCV13 among children in Jiangsu Province is 17.28%, which is at a relatively low level. The age of the first dose of vaccination is the highest in the age of 2-6 months, and the vaccination rate of each dose increases with the year of birth, so in order to improve the coverage level of PCV13 in the target population, it is recommended that PCV13 be included in the National Immunization Program.

儿童肺炎给全球带来严重的疾病负担，接种肺炎链球菌结合疫苗是预防肺炎链球菌性疾病最直接有效的预防措施，而目前关于13价肺炎球菌多糖结合疫苗（PCV13）在儿童中的覆盖情况较为缺乏。

对江苏省2017—2022年出生儿童PCV13接种情况进行分析，以发现不同情况下覆盖水平的差异及原因分析，为后续提高PCV13接种率提供参考。

通过江苏省预防接种综合服务管理信息系统收集2017—2022年江苏省出生儿童的基本信息以及接种PCV13信息（截至2023-12-31），包括出生日期、性别、户籍属性、接种日期、接种剂次等基本信息，并对数据进行描述性分析。

2017—2022年江苏省接种信息系统共登记出生儿童4 537 123名，其中784 220名儿童共接种2 406 974剂次PCV13，接种率为17.28%。在江苏省进行首剂接种的有697 698名，首剂接种年龄<2月龄82 503名（11.83%）、2~6月龄511 273名（73.28%）、7~11月龄26 106名（3.74%）、12~24月龄38 530名（5.52%）、2~5岁39 286名（5.63%）。常住儿童1、2、3、4剂次接种率（16.11%、14.71%、13.43%、11.50%）高于流动儿童（13.87%、12.70%、11.42%、9.52%）（P<0.05）。地区分布上，各剂次接种率从高到低依次是苏南、苏中、苏北，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。性别上，男童与女童第1剂次、第2剂次接种率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；男童第3剂次、第4剂次接种率均低于女童（P<0.05）。2017—2022年出生儿童中，第1、2、3、4剂次接种率随着出生年份逐年增高（P<0.05）。不同户籍、性别、出生年份以及地区儿童PCV13首剂接种均以2~6月龄儿童占比最高，不同户籍、性别、出生年份、地区儿童PCV13首剂接种年龄分布比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。

江苏省儿童PCV13接种率为17.28%，处于较低水平，首剂接种年龄以2~6月龄占比最高，各剂次接种率随着出生年份逐年增高，为提高PCV13在目标人群中的覆盖水平，建议将PCV13纳入国家免疫规划。