To prevent poverty due to illness, identifying the risk factors of health poverty vulnerability is crucial. In the rural areas of Xinjiang, there are many elderly patients with chronic diseases due to the geographical environment and dietary habits. Xinjiang rural areas are also the regions with relatively slower economic development in Xinjiang, so it is urgent to build an evaluation index system for identifying the high poverty vulnerability of elderly chronic disease patients in Xinjiang rural areas.

To explore the construction of an evaluation index system suitable for elderly chronic disease patients in rural areas of Xinjiang, with the aim of providing theoretical basis for precision poverty alleviation and taking targeted preventive measures in the future.

From December 2023 to February 2024, a preliminary evaluation index pool for the health poverty vulnerability of elderly chronic disease patients in Xinjiang's agricultural and pastoral areas was constructed through literature review; We conducted three rounds of expert consultation using the Delphi method from March to April 2024, and finally calculated the weight values of various indicators using the Analytic Hierarchy Process.

After three rounds of expert inquiries, the indicator system was modified and improved, and the final constructed indicator system includes three primary indicators, six secondary indicators, and 37 tertiary indicators. The first round of expert positivity coefficient was 92%, authority coefficient was 0.876, and Kendall's W coefficients for various indicators were 0.264, 0.395, and 0.365, respectively; In the second round, the expert's positive coefficient was 84%, the authority coefficient was 0.900, and the Kendall's W coefficients for various indicators were 0.273, 0.403, and 0.370, respectively; The positivity coefficient of the third expert is 84%, the authority coefficient is 0.905, and the Kendall's W coefficients for various indicators are 0.301, 0.466, and 0.412, respectively.

The evaluation index system for the health poverty vulnerability of elderly chronic disease patients in Xinjiang's agricultural and pastoral areas, based on the framework of "health stressors health risks health security" based on resilience theory, has certain innovation and practicality.

为了防止"因病返贫"，识别健康贫困脆弱性风险因素至关重要，新疆农牧区因地理环境、饮食习惯等特点，老年慢性病患者数量较多，且新疆农牧区是新疆经济发展相对迟缓的区域，因此亟须构建识别当地老年慢性病患者高贫困脆弱性的评价指标体系。

探索构建适用于新疆农牧区老年慢性病患者的评价指标体系，以期为日后精准扶贫、并采取针对性预防措施提供理论依据。

于2023年12月—2024年2月，通过文献评阅初步构建新疆农牧区老年慢性病患者健康贫困脆弱性评价指标池；于2024年3—4月，采用德尔菲法开展三轮专家咨询；最后采用层次分析法计算各项指标的权重值。

经过三轮专家函询对指标体系修改完善，最终构建的指标体系包含3个一级指标、6个二级指标、37个三级指标。第一轮专家积极系数为92.0%，权威系数为0.876，各级指标的肯德尔（Kendall's W）系数分别为0.264、0.395、0.365；第二轮专家积极系数为84.0%，权威系数为0.900，各级指标的Kendall's W系数分别为0.273、0.403、0.370；第三论专家积极系数为84.0%，权威系数为0.905，各级指标的Kendall's W系数分别为0.301、0.466、0.412。

基于抗逆力理论"健康压力源—健康风险—健康保障"框架构建的新疆农牧区老年慢性病患者健康贫困脆弱性评价指标体系，具有较高的可靠性、合理性，可为新疆农牧区老年慢性病患者健康贫困脆弱风险识别和应对提供参考。