The prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes is increasing year by year. It is known that oxidative stress and inflammation can participate in the occurrence and development of diabetes. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors can enhance the incretin effect by inhibiting DPP-4, thus playing a hypoglycemic role, and have been widely used in the treatment of diabetes patients. Currently, studies have shown that DPP-4 expression is up-regulated in a variety of inflammatory diseases, suggesting that it may be involved in the occurrence of inflammation. However, there are few relevant reports on the mechanism of action of DPP-4 inhibitor in inflammation and oxidative stress. Therefore, this paper reviews the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant stress mechanism of sitagliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, and proposes that sitagliptin has certain application prospects in the treatment of other diseases, providing references for subsequent relevant studies.

2型糖尿病患病率呈现逐年上升的趋势，目前已知氧化应激和炎症反应可参与糖尿病的发生、发展。二肽基肽酶-4（DPP-4）抑制剂可以通过抑制DPP-4而增强肠促胰岛素效应，从而起到降糖作用，现已广泛应用于糖尿病患者的治疗中。目前已有研究显示DPP-4在多种炎症性疾病中表达上调，提示其可能参与炎症的发生。然而，关于DPP-4抑制剂在炎症及氧化应激中的作用机制的相关报道较少，因此本文通过综述DPP-4抑制剂西格列汀的抗炎及抗氧化应激机制，提出西格列汀在其他疾病的治疗中具有一定的应用前景，为后续相关研究开展提供借鉴。