The high incidence of chronic diseases is associated with the inadequate knowledge of health and disease risks. At the national level, traditional health education remains popular in community health services. The health education conducted by primary healthcare providers are often limited, and lacks specificity in the content. Additionally, community residents generally show a low enthusiasm for participating in health education. The quality and effectiveness of health education for chronic disease patients need an improvement.

To explore the effectiveness of individualized health education interventions generated through the application of an information-based knowledge base model on middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases in the community. The findings are expected to provide insights to further enhance the management of community-based chronic diseases.

In 2021, a total of 7 390 patients at the age of 50-70 years with the chronic diseases of hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, and stroke in Beijing Dongcheng District Community Health Service Center were selected as study subjects. A one-year cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted. Patients in both groups received routine follow-up management strategies for chronic diseases, with the preservation of the existing basic public health services for chronic diseases. Those in the intervention group were additionally given individualized health education programs generated through an information-based knowledge base model, including health education prescriptions and individualized health management. Follow-up visits and interventions were conducted every three months, for a total of 12 months. An end-point survey was conducted one year after recruitment. The primary outcome measures were the differences between the baseline and end-point results of the knowledge awareness of chronic diseases, self-management attitudes, self-efficacy, medication adherence, and acceptance of health information technology.

A total of 7 390 patients with the four types of chronic diseases were included in the study, involving 3 673 patients in the intervention group and 3 717 in the control group. There were no significant differences in the age distribution, gender, education level, and employment status between groups (P>0.05). However, there was a significant difference in the type of medical insurance coverage between groups (P<0.05). After the intervention, patients in the intervention group demonstrated significantly higher correct awareness rates of overall disease knowledge, basic knowledge of chronic diseases, diabetes knowledge, coronary heart disease knowledge, and stroke knowledge compared to pre-intervention levels (P<0.05), while that of hypertension knowledge was not statistically significant (P>0.05). In the control group, there were no significant changes in the correct awareness rates of overall disease knowledge, basic knowledge of chronic diseases, hypertension knowledge, diabetes knowledge, or coronary heart disease knowledge before and after the intervention (P>0.05). However, the correct awareness rate of stroke knowledge in the control group was significantly lower after the intervention compared to pre-intervention levels (P<0.05). The scores of the self-management attitude questionnaire, self-efficacy questionnaire, medication adherence questionnaire, and health information acceptance questionnaire in the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group after the intervention (P<0.05). Additionally, in the intervention group, the scores on the self-management attitude questionnaire, self-efficacy questionnaire, medication adherence questionnaire, and health information acceptance questionnaire after the intervention were significantly higher compared to pre-intervention levels (P<0.05). In the control group, the scores of the self-efficacy questionnaire and medication adherence questionnaire improved significantly after the intervention compared to pre-intervention levels (P<0.05), while no significant changes in the scores of the self-management attitude questionnaire and health information acceptance questionnaire were detected (P>0.05) .

Knowledge awareness of chronic diseases, self-management attitude, and health information acceptance are more significantly improved in the intervention group than the control group. Both groups showed improvements in self-efficacy and medication adherence following the intervention, especially in the intervention group. Overall, an individualized health education based on an information-based knowledge base model is beneficial for enhancing the health literacy of patients with chronic diseases.

慢性病的频发与患者对健康知识及疾病风险认识不足有关，从全国范围来看，较为传统的健康教育方式依然广泛存在于社区卫生服务中，基层医生提供健康教育的形式单一、内容缺乏针对性，居民参与健康教育积极性普遍不足，对慢性病患者实施健康教育质量及效果有待提升。

探究基于应用信息化知识库模型生成的个体化健康教育干预对社区中老年慢性病群体的影响，为进一步强化社区慢性病治理效果提供参考。

于2021年选取北京市东城区社区卫生服务中心7 390例患有4种慢性病（高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、脑卒中）的50~70岁患者作为研究对象，并进行为期1年的整群随机对照试验。对照组患者采用常规慢性病随访管理策略（保持原有的慢性病基本公共卫生服务项目）；干预组患者在常规慢性病随访管理策略的基础上，应用信息化知识库模型生成健康教育指导方案的方式，即添加了健康教育处方指导和个体化健康管理的方式进行随访，每3个月进行1次随访及干预，共持续12个月。在所有患者入组1年后进行终线调查。本研究主要从"慢性病知识知晓率、自我管理态度、自我效能、服药依从性、健康信息化接受程度"等方面来分析两组慢性病患者在基线与终线调查之间数据结果的差异。

共纳入7 390例4种慢性病患者，其中干预组患者3 673例，对照组患者3 717例。两组慢性病患者年龄分布、性别、文化程度、工作状态比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；两组慢性病患者医疗保障形式比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。干预组干预后整体疾病知识、慢性病基础知识、糖尿病知识、冠心病知识、脑卒中知识知晓正确率高于组内干预前（P<0.05）；干预前后高血压知识知晓正确率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。对照组患者干预后整体疾病知识、慢性病基础知识、高血压知识、糖尿病知识、冠心病知识知晓正确率与干预前比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），脑卒中知识知晓正确率低于组内干预前（P<0.05）。干预组干预后自我管理态度问卷、自我效能问卷、服药依从性问卷、健康信息化接受度问卷得分均高于对照组（P<0.05）。干预后干预组自我管理态度问卷、自我效能问卷、服药依从性问卷、健康信息化接受度问卷得分均高于组内干预前（P<0.05）。对照组干预后自我效能问卷、服药依从性问卷得分高于组内干预前（P<0.05）；对照组干预后自我管理态度问卷、健康信息化接受度问卷得分与组内干预前比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。

从患者对慢性病知识知晓率、自我管理态度、信息化接受度方面可看出干预组患者改善效果明显优于对照组；从患者自我效能与服药依从性角度方面，两组患者在干预后均有提升，干预组效果更为显著。综合研究结果表明，通过信息化知识库模型进行个体化健康教育方式有助于慢性病患者健康素养提升。