Professional doctoral students in general practice are the important component of academic education in general practice, but the related research on their enrollment is still insufficient.

The aim was to understand the scale and distribution of enrollment of professional doctoral students in general practice in China, and provide reference for promoting the development of general practice education.

From February 2022 to September 2023, data from general practitioner doctoral enrollment information through the official website of 51 schools with clinical medical doctoral first level discipline doctoral programs nationwide and the China Graduate Enrollment Information Network was obtained. The data was analyzed to illustrate the enrollment scale, distribution of enrollment institutions and enrollment structure of professional doctoral students.

From 2021 to 2023, there were 15, 17 and 17 universities respectively enrolling professional doctoral students in general practice, and the enrollment quota was 100 in total. These enrollment universities were mainly concentrated in the eastern region. Medical universities had a relatively low proportion. These enrollment universities were mainly concentrated in B-level of discipline and the proportion of double first-class universities was not high.

Based on the investigation, it was found that there was a small number of institutions offering the professional doctoral education in general practice, with a limited enrollment scale and uneven distribution of participating institutions. Prominent issues such as weak faculty teams were also identified. Therefore, it is recommended to strengthen top-level design at the national and university levels, enhance enrollment promotion efforts, establish scientific admission standards, student support policies, and optimize the selection system for supervisors. These measures could expand the channels for enrolling professional doctoral students in general practice, and provide strong support for cultivating high-end medical professionals with comprehensive medical service capabilities.

全科医学博士专业学位研究生（以下简称全科专博）是全科医学博士学位研究生的重要组成部分，但全科专博招生相关研究仍不足。

了解全科专博招生规模及布局，为推动全科专博教育及学科发展提供参考。

于2022年2月—2023年9月，通过全国51个有临床医学博士一级学科博士点的学校官方网站研究生招生版块及中国研究生招生信息网获取全科专博招生信息，确定2021—2023年各临床医学博士一级学科博士点招收全科专博的院校名单，收集全科专博招生计划、实际录取情况及临床专博招生情况，并分析全科专博的招生规模、招收院校分布和招生结构。

2021—2023年招收全科专博的院校分别为15、17、17所，3年内共招收考生100人。招生院校分布在18个省级行政区，主要集中在东部地区；医药类院校与综合类院校数量持平；招生院校主要集中在学科水平为B级的院校，且双一流院校占比不高。

目前全科专博的招生院校数量少，招生规模小，招生院校分布不均衡，师资队伍薄弱。建议从国家、高校层面加强顶层设计，加强招生宣传工作，制定科学招生标准、学生保障政策以及优化导师遴选制度，拓宽全科医学专业博士研究生招生渠道，为培养更多具备全面医疗服务能力的高端医学人才提供有力支撑。