Myopia is a major risk factor for vision health in children, it is important for the prevention and control of occurrence and development of myopia in children to standardize the screening of myopia and achieve early detection and intervention of myopia. At present, myopia screening, the establishment, management and application of refractive development profile in China are still in the initial stage. In particular, the follow-up measures after refractive development profile establishment still face many problems and challenges. In this paper, the role of primary care in myopia prevention and control behavioral intervention among Children was analyzed in depth according to the current status and characteristics of myopia screening and after refractive development profile establishment, combining with the requirements of hierarchical diagnosis and treatment, in order to provide recommendations on myopia screening, refractive development profile establishment and community behavioral interventions in China, balance medical resources for its development in a regulated, healthy and sustainable manner.

近视是危害儿童视力健康的主要因素，规范化开展近视的筛查工作，实现近视的早发现、早干预是防控儿童近视发生和发展的重要措施。当前我国近视筛查、屈光发育档案建立和管理应用尚处于起步阶段，尤其是屈光档案建立后的后续跟进措施仍面临诸多问题和挑战。本文根据我国目前近视筛查和屈光档案建立后的现状和特点，结合分级诊疗要求，对基层卫生服务在儿童近视防控行为干预中的作用进行深入分析，以期对我国近视筛查及屈光档案建立、社区行为干预提供建议，更好地均衡医疗资源，使其能规范、良性、持续性发展。