Abstract: Background　With the increasing age，the decreasing social roles and the emergence of various negative life events，the elderly has become the high-risk group of social isolation.Social isolation affects the health outcomes of the elderly，and health promotion behaviors are protective factors to promote health.However，related researches are limited on the relationship between social isolation and health promotion behaviors of the elderly.Objective　To analyze the social isolation of older adults and the differences of health promotion behaviors with different types of social isolation.Methods　From July to December 2017，485 older adults from 15 community health service centers/stations in Dongcheng District，Xicheng District，Fengtai District and Shijingshan District of Beijing were selected by convenient sampling method.The survey was conducted using the General Information Questionnaire，Lubben Social Network Scale 6，and the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile Ⅱ.Results　Among 485 elderly people，111（22.9%）cases had social isolation；62（12.8%）cases had family isolation and 135（27.8%）cases had friend isolation.The total scores of health promotion behaviors ranged from 40 to 160，with an average of（101.61±16.58）．There was no significant difference in social isolation among the elderly with different age，sexes，monthly income，living style and physical conditions（P>0.05）．The social isolation status of the elderly with different education level was significantly different（P<0.05）．There was no significant difference in the scores of health promotion behaviors among the elderly with different age and physical conditions（P>0.05）．There were significant differences in the scores of health promotion behaviors among the elderly with different sexes，education level，monthly income and living style（P<0.05）．The total score of health promotion behaviors and the scores of interpersonal relationship，health responsibility，stress management，physical activity and spiritual growth of the elderly with social isolation were lower than those of the elderly without social isolation（P<0.05）．The total score of health promotion behaviors and scores of interpersonal relationship，stress management，physical activity and spiritual growth of the elderly with family isolation were lower than those of the elderly without family isolation（P<0.05）．The scores of health promotion behaviors，interpersonal relationship，health responsibility，stress management，nutrition，physical activity and spiritual growth of the elderly with friend isolation were lower than those of the elderly without friend isolation（P<0.05）．Conclusion　Social isolation will affect health promotion behaviors of older adults and friend isolation has a wider influence than social isolation and family isolation.Community healthcare providers should actively pay attention to the social isolation of older adults.Targeted nursing measures should be applied to prevent the social isolation of the elderly，so as to improve their health promotion behaviors and promote healthy aging.

Key words: Aged, Social participation, Health promotion, Social behavior, Health status

摘要： 背景　随着年龄增长、社会角色减少以及各种负面生命事件的产生，老年人成为社会隔离的高危人群。社会隔离影响着老年人的健康结局，而健康促进行为是促进健康的保护因素，但目前尚缺乏社会隔离与老年人健康促进行为关系的研究。目的　分析老年人的社会隔离状况以及不同社会隔离状态下的健康促进行为差异。方法　于2017年7—12月采用方便抽样法选取北京市东城区、西城区、丰台区及石景山区15个社区卫生服务中心（站）所辖区域的485例社区老年人。采用一般资料调查表、LUBBEN社会网络量表-6、健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ进行调查。结果　485例老年人中存在社会隔离者111例（22.9%），存在家人隔离者62例（12.8%），存在朋友隔离者135例（27.8%）。健康促进行为总分范围为40~160分，平均（101.61±16.58）分。不同年龄、性别、月收入、居住方式、身体状况老年人社会隔离状况比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。文化程度不同的老年人社会隔离状况不同，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。不同年龄、身体状况老年人健康促进行为得分比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。不同性别、文化程度、月收入、居住方式老年人健康促进行为得分比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。存在社会隔离的老年人总的健康促进行为得分及人际关系、健康责任、压力管理、躯体活动、精神成长维度的得分均低于无社会隔离的老年人，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。存在家人隔离的老年人总的健康促进行为得分及人际关系、压力管理、躯体活动、精神成长维度得分低于无家人隔离的老年人，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。存在朋友隔离的老年人总的健康促进行为得分及人际关系、健康责任、压力管理、营养、躯体活动、精神成长维度的得分均低于无朋友隔离的老年人，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论　老年人的社会隔离将影响其健康促进行为，朋友隔离的影响较社会隔离和家人隔离范围更广。社区医务人员应积极关注老年人的社会隔离情况，采取针对性的护理措施改善老年人的社会隔离情况，以此提升其健康促进行为，促进健康老龄化。

关键词: 老年人, 社会参与, 健康促进, 社会行为, 健康状况