Abstract: Objective　To investigate the manpower status and associated factors of working ability among general practitioner（GP） assistants in Minhang District，Shanghai，and offer a basis for GP assistant team construction.Methods　This study was conducted from July to August 2016.By purposive sampling，we selected 6 out of 13 community health centers（CHCs）（Zhuanqiao Community Health Center，Wujing Community Health Center，Xinzhuang Community Health Center，Pujiang Community Health Center，Jiangchuan Community Health Center and Huacao Community Health Center） in Minhang District，Shanghai which have employed GP assistants.Then，from which，we selected 170 GP assistants by random sampling and surveyed them using a self-developed questionnaire covering the demographic data，work years，employment status and working ability.The working ability was evaluated by working ability index（WAI）in Chinese version.Univariate analysis and multivariate unconditional Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the associated factors of working ability.Results　166 GP assistants responded effectively to the survey，with a response rate of 97.6%.The data collected are as follows：sex：85.5%（142/166） were females；age：most of them aged 25-35 years〔23.5%（39/166） were 25-30 years，33.1%（55/166） were 31-35 years〕；educational attainment：the majority of them owned junior college degree，college degree or above〔7.0%（78/166） owned college degree or above，39.8%（66/166）of them owned junior college degree〕；major：the major of 66.3%（110/166） was nursing；profrssional and technical title：the majority of them owned junior title，intermediate titles or above〔40.4%（67/166） owned junior titles，40.4%（67/166） of them owned intermediate titles or above〕；monthly income：56.0%（93/166） of them earned less than 4 000 yuan；working years：49.4%（82/166） of them worked for over 3 years；employment status：72.3%（120/166） of them worked full-timely；mean work ability score：7.7±1.8.Univariate analysis showed that the working ability score between the GP assistants varied significantly by years of working and employment status（P<0.05），but not by sex，age，educational attainment，major，professional and technical title，as well as monthly income（P>0.05）.Multivariate unconditional Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that major，years of working，and employment status were associated factors of the working ability for GP assistants（P<0.05）.Conclusion　The structure of the GP assistant team in Minhang District is characterized by female, full-time and medical background, low income, promotion without professional title and low overall working ability，and major，years of working，and employment status were associated factors of the working ability for GP assistants.The status may be changed by expanding publicity，raising income and opening up the channel for promoting the professional and technical title，which should be improved through full-time employment，series of training and team stability construction.

Key words: Health manpower, Physician Assistants, Work ability, Root cause analysis, Shanghai

摘要： 目的　分析上海市闵行区家庭医生助理员队伍的人力资源现况及其工作能力影响因素，为优化家庭医生助理员队伍建设提供依据。方法　2016年7—8月，采用立意抽样法从闵行区13家社区卫生服务中心中抽取6家（闵行区颛桥、吴泾、莘庄、浦江、江川、华漕社区卫生服务中心），采用整群抽样法抽取6家社区卫生服务中心的170名家庭医生助理员进行问卷调查。调查内容包括个人基本信息、从业年限、工作性质、工作能力评分。工作能力评分采用中文版工作能力指数（WAI）调查表评估，采用单因素分析和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析分析家庭医生助理员工作能力的影响因素。结果　共发放问卷170份，回收有效问卷166份，有效回收率97.6%。166名家庭医生助理员中，女性为主，占85.5%（142/166）；年龄以25~35岁为主，其中25~30岁占23.5%（39/166），31~35岁占33.1%（55/166）；教育程度以大专、本科及以上为主，其中本科及以上占47.0%（78/166），大专占39.8%（66/166）；专业背景主要为护理，占66.3%（110/166）；职称主要为初级、中级及以上，其中初级占40.4%（67/166），中级及以上占40.4%（67/166）；月收入主要为“≤4 000元”，占56.0%（93/166）；从业年限主要为“>3年”，占49.4%（82/166）；工作性质主要为专职，占72.3%（120/166）。家庭医生助理员工作能力评分平均为（7.7±1.8）分。不同性别、年龄、文化程度、专业背景、职称、月收入家庭医生助理员的工作能力评分比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；不同从业年限、工作性质家庭医生助理员的工作能力评分比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示，专业背景、从业年限、工作性质是家庭医生助理员工作能力的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论　闵行区家庭医生助理员队伍以女性、专职、医学背景为主要特征，且收入较低、无职称晋升、总体工作能力较低，专业背景、从业年限、工作性质为家庭医生助理员工作能力的影响因素。建议通过扩大宣传、提高收入、开辟职称晋升通道等措施吸引新鲜力量，通过队伍专职化、培训系列化、队伍稳定化提高工作能力。

关键词: 卫生人力, 医师助理, 工作能力, 影响因素分析, 上海