Edema is a common clinical problem with complex etiology and a lack of systematic clinical research data, affecting patients' physical and mental health and imposing an economic burden on society. This consensus was written by multidisciplinary experts including general practice, nephrology, and cardiology. By reviewing and integrating the cutting-edge domestic and international evidence-based medical research results in the field of edema in recent years, it elaborates in detail on the definition, classification, epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis, comprehensively summarizes the diagnostic methods of edema, including detailed consultation, systematic physical examination, and auxiliary examination, and specifically expounds the individualized treatment principles and measures for edema. The consensus also emphasizes the comprehensive community management of edema, including screening, follow-up, comprehensive intervention measures, health education, multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment support, hierarchical referral. At the same time, it proposes the future directions for the diagnosis and management of edema from the perspectives of clinical practice, education and training, and scientific research innovation, aiming to provide assistance and guidance for the standardized implementation of edema diagnosis, treatment and full-process management.

水肿是一种常见的临床问题，病因复杂且缺乏系统性临床研究数据，影响患者身心健康，给社会带来较大经济负担。本共识由全科医学、肾脏病学和心血管病学等多学科专家共同撰写，通过审阅和整合近年来水肿领域国内外前沿循证医学研究结果，详细论述了水肿的定义、分类、流行病学、病因与发病机制，全面总结了水肿的诊断方法，包括详细问诊、系统体格检查和辅助检查，具体阐述了水肿的个体化治疗原则和治疗措施。共识还强调了水肿的综合管理，包括筛查、随访、综合干预措施、健康教育、多学科诊疗支持、分级转诊等，同时从临床实践、教育培训和科研创新等方面提出了水肿诊治与管理的未来方向，旨在为规范开展水肿诊治和全程管理提供帮助和指导。