Central precocious puberty (CPP) is a common endocrine disease in children, which shows an increasing trend year by year in recent years. It can be divided into fast-progressing central precocious puberty (RP-CPP) and slow-progressing central precocious puberty (SP-CPP) through pubertal development. RP-CPP has great harm, but it is difficult to distinguish it from SP-CPP in early clinical stage, mainly relying on the progress of adolescent development and bone age during follow-up. At present, there is a lack of effective laboratory indicators to predict RP-CPP.

To investigate the relationship between luteinizing hormone (LH) /follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio and pubertal development.

CPP girls aged 4-10 years old (n=380) admitted to the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from January 2020 to May 2022 were regression selected and divided into RP-CPP group (n=130) and SP-CPP group (n=250 cases) according to indicators such as puberal development process. Clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis of the influencing factors of RP-CPP was performed, and ROC curve of LH/FSH ratio on the predictive value of RP-CPP was drawn.

The height, weight, BMI, IGF-1, difference between bone age and actual age, bilateral ovarian volume, LH base value, estradiol level, LH base value /FSH base value, and LH peak /FSH peak value of girls in RP-CPP group were all higher than those in SP-CPP group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Regression analysis showed that CPP patients progressed to RP-CPP related serological indexes when LH base value and LH peak /FSH peak were detected. LH base /FSH base value and LH peak /FSH peak were positively correlated with height, IGF-1, LH base value, estradiol level, LH peak, ovarian volume and bone age (P<0.05). ROC curve showed that the LH base /FSH base value and LH peak /FSH peak value were more sensitive and specific than other indexes to the predictive value of RP-CPP. When the LH base /FSH base value was 0.63, the Yoden index reached a maximum of 0.258 (sensitivity 43.1%, specificity 82.7%, AUC=0.644). When the LH peak /FSH peak was 1.39, the maximum Jorden index was 0.276 (sensitivity 74.6%, specificity 53.0%, AUC=0.655). The combined prediction model is better than the single index prediction model (AUC=0.668). The basal gonadotropin levels of children without clinical intervention were analyzed after 6 months of follow-up. It was found that the height increase, ΔLH, ΔFSH, bone age increase and ovarian volume increase in RP-CPP group were significantly higher than those in SP-CPP group after 6 months of follow-up, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) .

LH base /FSH base value and LH peak /FSH peak are early predictors of RP-CPP. When LH/FSH base value ≥0.63 or LH peak/FSH peak ≥1.39, the possibility of RP-CPP should be considered, and the combined predictive value of the two indicators is better than that of a single indicator. It can be used as an auxiliary reference index for clinical application of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue therapy.

中枢性性早熟（CPP）是儿童内分泌常见疾病，近年来呈逐年增加趋势，依据青春期发育进程可分为快进展型中枢性性早熟（RP-CPP）和缓慢进展型中枢性性早熟（SP-CPP）。RP-CPP具有极大危害，其与SP-CPP在早期临床鉴别中存在困难，主要依靠随访中青春期发育进程及骨龄进展情况进行判断，目前缺乏有效的实验室检查指标来预测RP-CPP。

探讨促黄体生成素（LH）/促卵泡生成素（FSH）比值对RP-CPP的预测价值。

回顾性选取2020年1月—2022年5月郑州大学附属儿童医院收治的4~10岁CPP女童（n=380），依据青春期发育进程等指标分为RP-CPP组（n=130）及SP-CPP组（n=250），对两组间的临床特征进行对比分析，进行RP-CPP影响因素的单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析，并绘制LH/FSH比值对RP-CPP预测价值的受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线。

RP-CPP组女童的身高、体质量、BMI、胰岛素样生长因子1（IGF-1）、骨龄与实际年龄差值、双侧卵巢体积、LH基础值、雌二醇水平、LH基础值/FSH基础值、LH峰值/FSH峰值均高于SP-CPP组（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析，结果显示，LH基础值（OR=0.882，95%CI=0.686~0.986，P=0.035）及LH峰值/FSH峰值（OR=0.492，95%CI=0.336~0.723，P<0.001）是CPP患者进展为RP-CPP的影响因素。LH基础值/FSH基础值、LH峰值/FSH峰值均与身高、IGF-1、LH基础值、雌二醇水平、LH峰值、卵巢容积及骨龄呈正相关（P<0.05）。ROC曲线显示LH基础值/FSH基础值、LH峰值/FSH峰值较其他指标对RP-CPP的预测价值更高，LH基础值/FSH基础值为0.63时，约登指数最大为0.258[灵敏度为43.1%，特异度为82.7%，ROC曲线下面积（AUC）=0.644]，LH峰值/FSH峰值为1.39时，约登指数最大为0.276（灵敏度为74.6%，特异度53.0%，AUC=0.655），二者联合的预测模型优于单一指标预测模型（AUC=0.668）。对未进行临床干预患儿随访6个月后的基础促性腺激素水平进行分析，随访6个月后RP-CPP组的身高增长、ΔLH、ΔFSH、骨龄增长及卵巢容积增长均多于SP-CPP组（P<0.05）。

LH基础值/FSH基础值及LH峰值/FSH峰值是RP-CPP的早期预测指标，当LH/FSH基础值≥0.63或LH峰值/FSH峰值≥1.39时，需考虑RP-CPP的可能性，并且二者联合的预测价值优于单一指标，可作为临床应用促性腺激素释放激素类似物治疗的辅助参考指标。