Research Progress of Astrocyte-derived Extracellular Vesicles in Post-stroke Cognitive Impairment

doi:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0412

Abstract

Abstract:

Post-stroke cognitive impairment, characterized by cognitive dysfunction, is a common complication of stroke and has a direct impact on the quality of life of ischemic stroke patients. Previous studies have found that astrocytes play an important role in the pathogenesis of PSCI. In addition, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recognized as an important medium for intercellular communication and are involved in various pathophysiological processes by carrying and transporting various cargoes. Astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (ADEVs) may communicate with other brain cells to improve PSCI by enhancing synaptic plasticity, modulating neuroinflammation, regulating angiogenesis and autophagy. This review clarifies the multiple effects of ADEVs on the development of PSCI, offers new strategies for studying the underlying mechanisms of PSCI, and further explores the potential uses of ADEVs as novel drugs and biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of PSCI.

Key words: Stroke, Cognition disorders, Astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles, Synaptic plasticity, Neuroinflammation

摘要：

卒中后认知障碍（PSCI）是卒中患者的常见并发症，以认知功能障碍为特征，直接影响患者生活质量。既往研究发现，星形胶质细胞在PSCI发病机制中发挥重要作用。此外，细胞外囊泡（EVs）已被公认为细胞间通讯中的重要递质，并通过携带和运输各种货物参与各种病理生理过程。星形胶质细胞外囊泡（ADEVs）可能与其他脑细胞进行交流，通过增强突触可塑性、调控神经炎症、调节血管生成和细胞自噬等过程改善PSCI。本综述阐明了ADEVs对PSCI发展的多方面影响，为研究PSCI的潜在机制提供新的策略，并进一步探讨ADEVs作为新型药物和生物标志物在诊断和治疗PSCI方面的潜在用途。

关键词: 卒中, 认知障碍, 星形胶质细胞外囊泡, 突触可塑性, 神经炎症

CLC Number:

R 743　R 741

XIAO Yuqian,BAI Yanjie,WANG Yan, et al. Research Progress of Astrocyte-derived Extracellular Vesicles in Post-stroke Cognitive Impairment[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2024, 27(20): 2551-2556. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0412.
肖雨倩,白艳杰,王岩等. 星形胶质细胞外囊泡在卒中后认知障碍中的研究进展[J]. 中国全科医学, 2024, 27(20): 2551-2556. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0412.

Figures/Tables 1

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细胞外囊泡来源	货物	潜在作用
大鼠原代星形胶质细胞^[11]	成纤维细胞生长因子2和血管内皮生长因子	促进血管生成、神经发生、突触形成、突触可塑性和神经保护
小鼠原代星形胶质细胞^[16]	突触素	促进神经突生长、神经元存活并改善突触可塑性
人星形胶质细胞系1321N1和小鼠原代星形胶质细胞^[23]	载脂蛋白D	控制ROS积累与衰老或病理状况产生的脂质过氧化物的水平维持细胞存活
小鼠原代星形胶质细胞^[25]	朊蛋白	阻止缺氧和缺血条件下的神经元死亡
小鼠原代星形胶质细胞^[26]	微小RNA-182-5p	作用于受损神经元中的Rac相关的蛋白质1来减轻神经炎症
小鼠原代星形胶质细胞^[28]	环状RNA SHOC2	增强自噬并作用于miR-7670-3p/SIRT1轴来抑制神经元凋亡并改善神经元损伤

细胞外囊泡来源	货物	潜在作用
大鼠原代星形胶质细胞^[11]	成纤维细胞生长因子2和血管内皮生长因子	促进血管生成、神经发生、突触形成、突触可塑性和神经保护
小鼠原代星形胶质细胞^[16]	突触素	促进神经突生长、神经元存活并改善突触可塑性
人星形胶质细胞系1321N1和小鼠原代星形胶质细胞^[23]	载脂蛋白D	控制ROS积累与衰老或病理状况产生的脂质过氧化物的水平维持细胞存活
小鼠原代星形胶质细胞^[25]	朊蛋白	阻止缺氧和缺血条件下的神经元死亡
小鼠原代星形胶质细胞^[26]	微小RNA-182-5p	作用于受损神经元中的Rac相关的蛋白质1来减轻神经炎症
小鼠原代星形胶质细胞^[28]	环状RNA SHOC2	增强自噬并作用于miR-7670-3p/SIRT1轴来抑制神经元凋亡并改善神经元损伤