Upper limb somatosensory dysfunction and cognitive impairment are common clinical issues after stroke. As critical domains of cognitive function, attention and memory may potentially influence the recovery of upper limb somatosensory function after stroke. However, there remains a lack of research evidence to explore this relationship separately based on the side of hemiplegia.

To explore the relationship between upper limb somatosensory function and attention, as well as memory, in stroke patients with different hemiplegic sides.

This multicenter, cross-sectional study enrolled stroke patients in post-acute phase admitted to 26 hospitals across different regions of China from January to December 2024. All study subjects were divided into left-sided and right-sided hemiplegia groups depending on the paralysis side after stroke. General information of patients was collected, and the sensory function subscale of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment for upper extremity (FMA-S-UE) was applied to assess the somatosensory function of the upper extremities. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was applied to evaluate the attention and memory. The Modified Barthel Index (MBI) was applied to assess the patients' level in activities of daily living (ADL). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was applied to assess the patients' level of anxiety and depression. We compared the differences in general information and rehabilitation assessment indicators between the left and right hemiplegia groups. Additionally, we investigated the correlation of upper limb somatosensory function with attention, memory, activities of daily living, and psychosocial indicators.

A total of 304 patients were enrolled in this study, including 169 patients in the left-sided hemiplegia group and 135 patients in the right-sided hemiplegia group. The MoCA-Attention and MoCA-Memory scores were higher in the left-sided hemiplegia group than in the right-sided hemiplegia group, while the HADS-A and HADS-D scores were lower in the left-sided hemiplegia group than in the right-sided hemiplegia group (P<0.05). The FMA-S-UE, FMA-S-UE light touch, and FMA-S-UE proprioception scores in both groups were positively correlated with the MoCA-attention score (left hemiplegia group: r_s=0.380, 0.356, 0.374; right hemiplegia group: r_s=0.229, 0.233, 0.218, P<0.05). In the left hemiplegic group, the FMA-S-UE total score and subscale scores showed positive correlations with the MoCA-memory scores (r_s=0.186, 0.175, 0.183, P<0.05). Positive correlations were observed between the total and subscale scores of the FMA-S-UE and MBI scores in both patient groups (left hemiplegia group: r_s=0.332, 0.288, 0.324; right hemiplegia group: r_s=0.222, 0.181, 0.234, P<0.05). In the right hemiplegia group, the FMA-S-UE total and proprioception scores showed negative correlations with the HADS-A scores (r_s=-0.182 and -0.187, P<0.05). Meanwhile, the FMA-S-UE total score and subscale scores demonstrated negative correlations with the HADS-D scores (r_s=-0.213, -0.202, -0.210, P<0.05).

The attention, memory, and mental psychological functions of patients with left-sided hemiplegia are superior to those with right-sided hemiplegia. Furthermore, upper limb somatosensory function in patients with left-sided hemiplegia is highly correlated with attention function and activities of daily living. The side of hemiplegia may influence the correlation between upper limb somatosensory function and memory, as well as mental and psychological functions. It provides a scientific basis for the practice of hand-brain perceptual rehabilitation after stroke.

上肢躯体感觉功能障碍和认知功能障碍是脑卒中后常见的临床问题，注意力、记忆力作为认知功能的重要领域，可能对脑卒中后上肢躯体感觉功能的恢复有潜在影响，但仍缺少研究证据从不同偏瘫侧别探讨其关系。

探讨脑卒中后不同偏瘫侧患者上肢躯体感觉功能与注意力、记忆力之间的关系。

本研究是一项多中心、横断面研究，选取2024年在全国不同地区26家医院收治的脑卒中非急性期患者为研究对象，并根据脑卒中偏瘫侧分为左、右侧偏瘫组。收集患者的一般资料，使用Fugl-Meyer上肢感觉功能评定子量表（FMA-S-UE）评估患者的上肢躯体感觉功能，蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）评估患者的注意力、记忆力，改良Barthel指数（MBI）评估患者的日常生活活动能力，医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）评估患者的焦虑抑郁心理。比较左、右侧偏瘫组一般资料和康复评定指标的差异，分析上肢躯体感觉功能与注意力、记忆力、日常生活活动能力和精神心理指标间的相关性。

共纳入患者304例，左侧偏瘫组患者169例，右侧偏瘫组患者135例。左侧偏瘫组的MoCA-注意力、MoCA-记忆力评分均高于右侧偏瘫组，HADS焦虑子量表（HADS-A）和HADS抑郁子量表（HADS-D）评分均低于右侧偏瘫组（P<0.05）。两组的FMA-S-UE、FMA-S-UE轻触觉、FMA-S-UE本体感觉评分与MoCA-注意力评分均呈正相关（左侧偏瘫组：r_s分别为0.380、0.356、0.374，右侧偏瘫组：r_s分别为0.229、0.233、0.218，P<0.05）；左侧偏瘫组患者的FMA-S-UE、FMA-S-UE轻触觉、FMA-S-UE本体感觉评分与MoCA-记忆力评分呈正相关（r_s分别为0.186、0.175、0.183，P<0.05）；两组患者的FMA-S-UE、FMA-S-UE轻触觉、FMA-S-UE本体感觉评分与MBI评分均呈正相关（左侧偏瘫组：r_s分别为0.332、0.288、0.324，右侧偏瘫组：r_s分别为0.222、0.181、0.234，P<0.05）；右侧偏瘫组患者的FMA-S-UE、FMA-S-UE本体感觉评分与HADS-A评分呈负相关（r_s分别为-0.182、-0.187，P<0.05），FMA-S-UE、FMA-S-UE轻触觉、FMA-S-UE本体感觉评分与HADS-D评分呈负相关（r_s分别为-0.213、-0.202、-0.210，P<0.05）。

左侧偏瘫患者的注意力、记忆力及精神心理功能较右侧偏瘫患者好，且左侧偏瘫患者的上肢躯体感觉功能与注意力、日常生活活动能力更相关，不同偏瘫侧可能对上肢躯体感觉功能与记忆力、精神心理功能之间的相关性存在影响，为脑卒中后手-脑感知康复的实践提供科学依据。