Abstract: Background　The implementation of universal two-child policy has brought a significant increase in the number of children in China. The needs of childcare services are increasing rapidly，but the capability of community health centers（CHCs） to provide such services is still unclear. Objective　To investigate the capability of CHCs in some cities of China to provide childcare services. Methods　In April 2020，by use of multi-stage stratified sampling，we selected 35 CHCs in 14 cities of China，and conducted two online surveys using self-developed questionnaires，one with administrators of the CHCs for investigating the general status，personnel，equipment and facilities allocation，and implementation regarding childcare services，and one with childcare staff of the CHCs for investigating their knowledge regarding childcare services and job satisfaction. Results　The survey included 35 community health service centers in 14 cities across the country，and the total number of health technicians in the sample center was 8 009. Among the health technicians，191（2.38%） were pediatricians（including licensed physicians and assistant physicians with pediatrics included in their scope of practice），154 of them（80.63%） had a bachelor degree or above，and 112（58.64%） had intermediate or above professional title；488（6.09%） were general practitioners（received post-shift training with pediatrics before being a childcare provider），293 of them（65.37%） had a bachelor degree or above，and 355（79.30%） had intermediate or above professional title；320（4.00%） were pediatric preventive healthcare physicians，and more than 80.00% of them had the national physician license and pediatric training certificate. A total of 999 people accepted the survey of satisfaction and knowledge level. The job satisfaction level of the childcare providers and the accuracy of the pediatric knowledge test performed by them was（61.38±9.11）%，and （50.40±21.93）% on average，respectively. The pediatric consulting room accounted for less than 1% of the total consulting rooms of the CHCs on average. More than 90% of the CHCs were equipped with 8 kinds of common equipment and facilities for providing childcare services. More than 50% of the CHCs were equipped with less than 7 kinds of common pediatric diagnostic and therapeutic equipment and facilities. Only 10 of the 23 common pediatric medicines could be accessible in more than 50% of the CHCs. In 2019，the number of visits of children to the CHCs accounted for 2.91% of the total visits. And the number of admissions of children to the CHCs accounted for 1.48% of the total admissions. Over 85 percent of the national essential public health projects have been carried out. Simple obese children accounted for the highest number of children receiving management while those with congenital dislocation of the hip accounted for the lowest. Conclusion　Overall，the number of childcare providers in the CHCs was insufficient，with relatively high education level and professional title，but unsatisfactory level of pediatric knowledge，and low job satisfaction. The CHCs were equipped with insufficient equipment and facilities as well as pediatric drugs. The spatial distribution of children's health service level was not balanced. To improve the capability of CHCs to provide childcare services，it is suggested to strengthen guidance and training to improve the ability level of primary childcare providers，establish an effective performance assessment mechanism to improve their job satisfaction，increase types and quantity of pediatric drugs，and reasonably allocate pediatric diagnostic and therapeutic equipment and facilities.

Key words: Community health service center；Child health services；Community health services；Health care facilities, manpower and services

摘要： 背景　随着“二孩”政策的开放，我国儿童人口数量逐步增加，儿童健康服务需求呈现快速增长态势，但当前我国社区卫生服务中心儿童健康服务能力尚不清晰。目的　了解当前我国部分城市社区卫生服务中心儿童健康服务能力的现状。方法　2020年4月，采用多阶段分层抽样的方法，在全国抽取了35家社区卫生服务中心及样本中心的全部儿童相关服务人员作为研究对象。采用自制的样本中心调查表及儿童相关医务人员调查问卷以线上调查的形式，调查社区卫生服务中心的基本情况、人员设备设施配置、业务开展情况及儿童健康服务人员知识水平和满意度等。结果　本次调研共包含全国的14个城市的35家社区卫生服务中心，样本中心卫生技术人员总数8 009人，儿科医生〔执业范围含儿科学的执业（助理）医师〕191人（2.38%），看儿科的全科医生（通过儿科转岗培训并从事儿科诊疗工作）488人（6.09%），儿保医生320人（4.00%）；其中儿科医生154人（80.63%）具有本科及以上学历、112人（58.64%）具有中级及以上职称，看儿科的全科医生293人（65.37%）具有本科及以上学历、355人（79.30%）具有中级及以上职，80.00%以上儿保医生具有执业医师证和培训合格证。共计999人接受满意度和知识水平调查，人员的平均满意度为（61.38±9.11）%，平均知识水平测试正确率（50.40±21.93）%。儿科相关诊疗科室面积平均占比不足1%，超过90%的机构配备了8种儿童常见设备，但仍有超过一半机构的儿童常用的诊疗设备配备不足7种；23种儿童常用药品中仅有10种超过50%的机构进行了配备。2019年度机构平均儿童诊疗人次占2.91%，儿童入院人次占1.48%；国家基本公共卫生项目开展率达85%以上；管理数量最多的重点儿童是单纯性肥胖儿童，最少的是先天性髋关节脱位的儿童。结论　社区卫生服务中心儿童相关服务人员数量不足，学历及职称较高但理论知识水平不高，人员满意度较低；社区卫生服务中心儿童医疗相关类设施设备及药品配备不足；儿童健康服务水平空间分布不均衡。为提升社区儿童健康服务能力水平，应加强指导培训以提高基层工作人员的能力水平，建立有效的考核机制以提升基层工作人员的满意度；增加儿童药品种类及数量的配备、合理配置儿童诊疗设备实施。

关键词: 社区卫生服务中心；儿童保健服务；社区卫生服务；卫生保健设施, 人力和服务