Abstract: Background　Dyslipidemia is a major cause of atherosclerosis.The incidence of dyslipidemia in Chinese children is rising recently.As a basis for early detection，correct diagnosis and treatment of childhood dyslipidemia，and a key to developing children's appropriate dietary habit and healthy lifestyle，pediatric healthcare providers and parents' appropriate awareness levels of dyslipidemia play an important role in early detection，prevention and control of dyslipidemia in childhood and adolescence.Objective　To explore Beijing pediatric healthcare providers' awareness of dyslipidemia incidence in childhood and adolescence and their willingness to get their child（ren） screened for lipid level，providing a reference for early detection，prevention and control of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents.Methods　A questionnaire survey was conducted among pediatric healthcare providers with a child or children younger than 20 years who attended Beijing Projects for Comprehensive Early Childhood Development and Scientific Rearing from April to September 2019，mainly focusing on their awareness levels of dyslipidemia incidence in childhood and adolescence and willingness to get their child（ren） screened for lipid level，specifically including their child（ren）'s gender and age，awareness of dyslipidemia incidence in children and adolescents，residential area（rural or urban），workplace，occupation，family history of early-onset cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in first-and second-degree relatives，awareness level of lipid in their child（ren） and willingness to get him（them） screened for lipid level，as well as education level of their own and their spouse.Those who chose “children have a dyslipidemia incidence greater than 5%”，and those who chose “children have a dyslipidemia incidence less than 5%” or “children have unstable lipid level” were assigned to correct and incorrect knowledge groups，respectively.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of pediatric healthcare providers' knowledge of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents.Results　There were 247 cases（46.2%） in correct knowledge group，and 288（53.8%） in incorrect knowledge group〔including 109（20.4%） and 179（33.5%） who chose “children have a dyslipidemia incidence less than 5%” or “children have unstable lipid level”〕．Two groups had significant differences in workplace and education level（P<0.05）.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that education level was associated with awareness of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents （P=0.042）.Of the respondents，the rates of knowing their child（ren）'s blood lipid level，knowing the importance of screening for lipid level and willing to get their child（ren） screened for lipid level were 8.2%（n=45），90.4%，and 95.4%（n=523），respectively.Conclusion　More than half of these pediatric healthcare providers had insufficient knowledge of the incidence of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents.Education level may be associated with their awareness level.The overwhelming majority of them did not know their children's blood lipid levels，but thought that dyslipidemia in children was noteworthy and supported the screening for lipid level in children and adolescents.

Key words: Dyslipidemias, Child, Adolescent, Child health services, Screen

摘要： 背景　血脂异常是导致动脉粥样硬化性疾病的重要原因，我国儿童青少年血脂异常发生率具有逐年上升的趋势，儿童保健人员及家长的正确认知不仅是血脂异常状态早期发现和正确诊疗的基础，而且是形成正确膳食习惯和生活方式的关键，对于实现该类疾病的早期识别与防控具有重要意义。目的　了解北京市作为家长的儿童保健人员对儿童青少年血脂异常发生率的认知情况及检查意愿，以实现对血脂异常的早期发现和防控。方法　选取2019年4—12月参加北京市婴幼儿科学养育项目的儿童保健人员，纳入家庭中有20岁以下子女的人员作为调查对象。对儿童青少年血脂异常发生率认知情况及检查意愿进行调查，具体内容包括：子女性别、年龄，调查对象对儿童青少年血脂异常发生率的认知情况、城乡地域、调查对象及配偶受教育程度、工作地点及职业、一级及二级亲属是否有早发心脑血管疾病家族史、对自己子女血脂水平了解情况及是否愿意给子女做血脂检查。将选择儿童青少年血脂异常发生率<5%者及选择儿童青少年血脂不稳定者作为认知不正确组，选择5%及以上者作为认知正确组。采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨儿童青少年血脂异常认知的影响因素。结果　选择儿童青少年血脂异常发生率<5%者109例（20.4%），在5%及以上者247例（46.2%），选择儿童青少年血脂不稳定者179例（33.5%）。认知不正确组288例，认知正确组247例。两组工作地点、受教育程度比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，儿童保健人员的受教育程度是儿童青少年血脂异常认知的影响因素（P=0.042）。了解子女血脂水平的家长共45例，占8.2％；认为血脂检查重要者占90.4%；愿意给子女做血脂检查者523例（95.4%）。结论　超过一半的儿童保健人员对我国儿童青少年血脂异常发生率认识不足，其受教育程度是对儿童青少年血脂异常发生率认知的影响因素，绝大多数被调查者不了解子女的血脂水平，但认为儿童青少年血脂异常值得重视，并认同对儿童青少年做血脂方面的检测。

关键词: 血脂异常, 儿童, 青少年, 儿童保健服务, 筛查