Abstract: Cervical spondylosis（CS） has been regarded as a degenerative disease of the spine caused by external strain.Most of the studies focus on its structural changes，but few on its immune mechanism.The intestinal flora（IF） has been shown to be widely involved in the immune regulation of various tissues of the human body，and it is also possible to influence the occurrence and development of CS through immunoinflammatory pathways.Through literature review and analysis of the influence of IF imbalance on bone，blood vessels，nerves and muscles，it was suggested that IF imbalance may act on the main tissues of the neck by the gut-brain axis as main stem，causing neck tissue lesions.The chronic low-level immune inflammation caused by IF imbalance，which is the fundamental basis for the formation of CS，can cause damage to the neck tissues of bones，blood vessels，nerves and muscles，while stress strain is only a supplementary factor and the degeneration of neck tissues is only a process or result in this disease.CS is not only a manifestation of the cervical spine aging and disuse，but also more should be regarded as a neck injury caused by intestinal immune disorders.In the clinical treatment of CS，it should pay attention to reasonable diet for protecting intestinal function and maintaining the existing attributes of IF.

Key words: Intestinal flora, Enterobacteria, Enteric bacteria, Cervical spondylosis, Correlation, Immune inflammation, Gut-brain axis

摘要： 颈椎病（CS）既往被视为外力劳损引起的脊柱退行性病变，多从结构改变方面予以研究，而对其形成的免疫机制研究较少。肠道菌群（IF）已被证明广泛参与了人体各组织系统的免疫调节，其同样可能通过免疫炎症途径影响CS的发生发展。本文通过文献回顾和分析IF失调对骨骼、血管、神经和肌肉等组织产生的影响，阐述IF失调可能以肠脑轴为主干作用于颈部相应组织，引发颈周组织病变。由IF失调形成的长期低度免疫炎性反应可引起骨骼、血管、神经和肌肉等颈周组织的损伤，是CS形成的根本基础，而劳损只是辅助性因素，颈周组织退变亦只是过程或结果。CS绝不仅是颈椎老化废用的表现，其更应被视为肠源性免疫紊乱引起的颈部损伤。在CS的临床治疗中应重视合理饮食以保护胃肠道功能，维持IF的既有属性。

关键词: 肠道菌群, 肠杆菌, 肠道细菌, 颈椎病, 相关性, 免疫炎症, 肠脑轴