Abstract: Many family medicine and community health researchers use surveys as an original research methodology.Our purpose is to illustrate how survey research provides an important form of quantitative research that can be effectively combined with qualitative data to form a mixed methods study.We first provide an overview of the key principles in survey research and in mixed methods research.We review the various ways that survey can be used in mixed methods studies，citing options such as beginning a study with a survey，using a survey as the second form of data collection，or combining a survey and a form of qualitative data in a single data collection procedure.Finally，we illustrate in a specific example six steps in conducting a mixed methods study using survey research.In a mixed methods study using a survey，primary care researchers should consider six steps.Step 1.Articulate the rationale for mixed methods study.Step 2.Detail quantitative and qualitative databases.Step 3.Identify a mixed methods design.Step 4.Analyse and report the results of the quantitative and qualitative databases.Step 5.Present and show integration.Step 6.Explicate the value of using mixed methods.The ability to combine and integrate survey research into a mixed methods study provides a more rigorous approach to research than conducting only a survey or conducting just a qualitative interview.While requiring skills beyond traditional survey approaches，surveys in primary care offers an opportunity for a high level of sophistication in research methodology.

Key words: Family medicine, General practice, Community-based participatory research, Health services research, Research methods, Primary health care, Mixed methods, Survey research

摘要： 许多家庭医学和社区卫生研究者将调查用作原始研究方法。本文目的是阐明调查研究将如何提供一种重要的定量研究形式，可以与定性研究有效结合，构成混合方法研究。本文首先概括了调查研究和混合方法研究的关键原则。回顾了可以将调查用于混合方法研究的多种途径，援引了若干选择，如从调查研究开始，将调查用作第二种数据收集方式，或将调查和一种定性研究形式结合，用于同一个收集数据步骤。最后，通过一个具体的例子，阐明了使用调查研究进行混合方法研究的6个步骤。在使用调查的混合方法研究中，基层保健研究者应考虑以下6个步骤。步骤1：阐明混合方法研究的基本原理。步骤2：详述定量和定性数据库。步骤3：确定混合方法设计。步骤4：分析并报告定量和定性研究的结果。步骤5：展示其整合。步骤6：阐明使用混合方法的价值。拥有将调查研究整合于混合方法研究的能力，可以为研究者提供一种比单独进行调查或定性访谈更为严谨的研究途径。尽管基层保健的调查需要传统调查方法以外的技能，但其也提供了产生高度精巧的研究方法的机会。

关键词: 家庭医学, 全科医学, 社区参与研究, 卫生服务研究, 研究方法, 基层卫生保健, 混合方法, 调查研究