Chinese General Practice ›› 2018, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (13): 1513-1520.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2018.13.001

• Monographic Research •     Next Articles

Chronic Respiratory Disease Management in Grassroots Medical Institutions of China #br#

  

  1. 1.School of Health Management and Education,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China
    2.National Center of Gerontology,Beijing Hospital,Beijing 100730,China
    3.Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences,China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Beijing 100029,China
    4.Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,Weifang Respiratory Disease Hospital/Weifang No.2 People's Hospital,Weifang 261041,China
    5.Respiratory Center,China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Beijing 100029,China
    6.Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China
    *Corresponding author:WANG Chen,Professor,Doctoral supervisor;E-mail:cyh-birm@263.net
  • Published:2018-05-05 Online:2018-05-05

我国基层医疗卫生机构慢性呼吸系统疾病管理现状研究

  

  1. 1.100069北京市,首都医科大学卫生管理与教育学院 2.100730北京市,北京医院国家老年医学中心 3.100029北京市,中日友好医院临床医学研究所 4.261041山东省潍坊市,潍坊呼吸病医院 潍坊市第二人民医院呼吸与危重症医学科 5.100029北京市,中日友好医院呼吸中心 6.100730北京市,中国医学科学院北京协和医学院
    *通信作者:王辰,教授,博士生导师;E-mail:cyh-birm@263.net
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(L1422025);中国工程科技中长期发展战略研究项目(2014-zcp-13)

Abstract: Objective To explore the chronic respiratory disease management in grassroots medical institutions of China.Methods We conducted an online questionnaire survey among the managers of 48 community health centers/township hospitals as well as 413 community health stations/village clinics in Weifang,Shandong Province during December 2015 to January 2016 for collecting the data concerning screening,health record documentation,follow-up,health education,and professional trainings for health workers of 3 chronic respiratory diseases〔chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),bronchial asthma(AS),obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)〕,diabetes and hypertension.The proportion of each type of institutions involved in the management of the 3 chronic respiratory diseases,diabetes and hypertension were calculated and compared.Results Of the community health centers/township hospitals,27.1%(13/48)carried out the screening of COPD,2.1%(1/48)and 4.2%(2/48) documented health records for COPD and AS patients,12.5%(6/48)and 14.6%(7/48)provided follow-up services for COPD and AS patients,14.6%(7/48),16.7%(8/48) and 0 offered health education for COPD,AS and OSAHS patients,12.5%(6/48),12.5%(6/48) and 4.2%(2/48)conducted professional trainings for health workers for the management of COPD,AS,and OSAHS patients,and all of them were much lower than the corresponding proportions for the management of diabetes as well as hypertension(P<0.001).Among the community health stations/village clinics,11.4%(47/413) conducted the screening of COPD,3.9%(16/413) and 3.6%(15/413) documented health records for COPD and AS patients,6.8%(28/413)and 4.1%(17/413)offered follow-up services for COPD and AS patients,11.4%(47/413),10.9%(45/413)and 5.8%(24/413)provided health education for COPD,AS and OSAHS patients,15.3%(63/413),10.9%(45/413)and 3.1%(13/413)implemented professional trainings for health workers for the management of COPD,AS,and OSAHS patients,and all of them were significantly lower than the corresponding proportions for the management of diabetes as well as hypertension(P<0.001).Conclusion Compared with diabetes and hypertension,the scale of standardized management of chronic respiratory diseases in grassroots medical institutions in Weifang is relatively small.In order to improve the chronic respiratory disease management,primary care providers should be trained with corresponding specialty knowledge comprehensively,lung function tests should be popularized in grassroots medical institutions,public health education should be carried out extensively,policy support for the prevention and control of chronic respiratory diseases should be further intensified and the construction of web-based prevention and control system of chronic respiratory diseases should be promoted.

Key words: Community health services, Primary medical institutes, Respiratory system, Disease management

摘要: 目的 了解基层医疗卫生机构的慢性呼吸系统疾病管理现状。方法 于2015年12月—2016年1月,在山东省潍坊市选取社区卫生服务中心/乡镇卫生院48家、社区卫生服务站/村卫生室413家。由纳入机构的负责人填写网络问卷,内容包括该机构对慢性呼吸系统疾病〔本研究选取慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)、支气管哮喘(AS)、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)〕、糖尿病、高血压的筛查、健康档案建立(建档)、随访、健康教育、医务人员管理培训情况。计算不同类型慢性病在各管理环节中的开展机构比例,并将慢性呼吸系统疾病的管理情况与糖尿病、高血压进行比较。结果 在社区卫生服务中心/乡镇卫生院中,开展COPD筛查的机构比例为27.1%(13/48),开展COPD、AS建档的机构比例分别为2.1%(1/48)、4.2%(2/48),开展COPD、AS随访的机构比例分别为12.5%(6/48)、14.6%(7/48),开展COPD、AS、OSAHS健康教育的机构比例分别为14.6%(7/48)、16.7%(8/48)、0,开展COPD、AS、OSAHS医务人员管理培训的机构比例分别为12.5%(6/48)、12.5%(6/48)、4.2%(2/48),均低于开展糖尿病、高血压相应管理环节的机构比例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。在社区卫生服务站/村卫生室中,开展COPD筛查的机构比例为11.4%(47/413),开展COPD、AS建档的机构比例分别为3.9%(16/413)、3.6%(15/413),开展COPD、AS随访的机构比例分别为6.8%(28/413)、4.1%(17/413),开展COPD、AS、OSAHS健康教育的机构比例分别为11.4%(47/413)、10.9%(45/413)、5.8%(24/413),开展COPD、AS、OSAHS医务人员管理培训的机构比例分别为15.3%(63/413)、10.9%(45/413)、3.1%(13/413),亦均低于开展糖尿病、高血压相应管理环节的机构比例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论 与糖尿病和高血压相比,目前基层医疗卫生机构的慢性呼吸系统疾病规范化管理开展范围较小。建议全面开展基层医生专业教育培训,在基层医疗卫生机构中普及肺功能检查,广泛开展居民健康教育,继续加大慢性呼吸系统疾病防治的政策支持,加强慢性呼吸系统疾病的防治网络建设。

关键词: 社区卫生服务, 基层医疗卫生机构, 呼吸系统, 疾病管理