Chinese General Practice ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (01): 1-13.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.00.337
Special Issue: 社区卫生服务最新研究合集; 述评栏目最新文章合集
• Editorial • Next Articles
Ten-year Development of General Practice in China:Opportunities and Challenges
1.Monash University,Melbourne 3168,Australia
2.Publishing House of Journal of Chinese General Practice,Beijing 100053,China
*Corresponding author:YANG Hui;E-mail:hui.yang@monash.edu
Received:
2021-11-01
Revised:
2021-11-19
Published:
2022-01-05
Online:
2021-12-29
通讯作者:
杨辉
CLC Number:
YANG Hui, HAN Jianjun, XU Yanli, GAO Xiaohuan, WANG Yang, YANG Yunli, CAO Xinyang.
Ten-year Development of General Practice in China:Opportunities and Challenges [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25(01): 1-13.
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URL: https://www.chinagp.net/EN/10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.00.337
人员类别 | 2010年 | 2011年 | 2012年 | 2013年 | 2014年 | 2015年 | 2016年 | 2017年 | 2018年 | 2019年 | 2020年 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
卫生人员 | 820.8 | 861.6 | 911.6 | 979.0 | 1 023.4 | 1 069.4 | 1 117.3 | 1 174.9 | 1 230.0 | 1 292.8 | 1 347.5 | |||
卫生技术人员 | 587.6 | 620.3 | 667.6 | 721.1 | 759.0 | 800.8 | 845.4 | 898.8 | 952.9 | 1 015.4 | 1 067.8 | |||
执业(助理)医师 | 241.3 | 246.6 | 261.6 | 279.5 | 289.3 | 303.9 | 319.1 | 339.0 | 360.7 | 386.7 | 408.6 | |||
综合医院 | 126.1 | 130.7 | 140.4 | 150.3 | 158.4 | 169.3 | 180.3 | 193.3 | 205.4 | 152.7 | 159.0 | |||
基层医疗卫生机构 | 94.9 | 96.0 | 101.0 | 105.0 | 106.4 | 110.2 | 114.5 | 121.4 | 130.5 | 143.7 | 153.6 | |||
注册护士 | 204.8 | 224.4 | 249.7 | 278.3 | 300.4 | 324.1 | 350.7 | 380.4 | 409.9 | 444.5 | 470.9 | |||
综合医院 | 146.9 | 162.8 | 183.0 | 204.1 | 222.2 | 240.8 | 261.3 | 282.2 | 302.1 | 230.9 | 239.3 | |||
基层医疗卫生机构 | 46.7 | 49.3 | 52.8 | 57.7 | 60.4 | 64.7 | 69.6 | 76.9 | 85.2 | 96.0 | 105.7 |
Table 1 Number of licensed(assistant) physicians and registered nurse in China,2010—2020
人员类别 | 2010年 | 2011年 | 2012年 | 2013年 | 2014年 | 2015年 | 2016年 | 2017年 | 2018年 | 2019年 | 2020年 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
卫生人员 | 820.8 | 861.6 | 911.6 | 979.0 | 1 023.4 | 1 069.4 | 1 117.3 | 1 174.9 | 1 230.0 | 1 292.8 | 1 347.5 | |||
卫生技术人员 | 587.6 | 620.3 | 667.6 | 721.1 | 759.0 | 800.8 | 845.4 | 898.8 | 952.9 | 1 015.4 | 1 067.8 | |||
执业(助理)医师 | 241.3 | 246.6 | 261.6 | 279.5 | 289.3 | 303.9 | 319.1 | 339.0 | 360.7 | 386.7 | 408.6 | |||
综合医院 | 126.1 | 130.7 | 140.4 | 150.3 | 158.4 | 169.3 | 180.3 | 193.3 | 205.4 | 152.7 | 159.0 | |||
基层医疗卫生机构 | 94.9 | 96.0 | 101.0 | 105.0 | 106.4 | 110.2 | 114.5 | 121.4 | 130.5 | 143.7 | 153.6 | |||
注册护士 | 204.8 | 224.4 | 249.7 | 278.3 | 300.4 | 324.1 | 350.7 | 380.4 | 409.9 | 444.5 | 470.9 | |||
综合医院 | 146.9 | 162.8 | 183.0 | 204.1 | 222.2 | 240.8 | 261.3 | 282.2 | 302.1 | 230.9 | 239.3 | |||
基层医疗卫生机构 | 46.7 | 49.3 | 52.8 | 57.7 | 60.4 | 64.7 | 69.6 | 76.9 | 85.2 | 96.0 | 105.7 |
人员类别 | 2012年 | 2013年 | 2014年 | 2015年 | 2016年 | 2017年 | 2018年 | 2019年 | 2020年 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
总计 | 109 794 | 145 511 | 172 597 | 188 649 | 209 083 | 252 717 | 308 740 | 365 082 | 408 820 | |
注册为全科医学专业 | 37 173 | 47 402 | 64 156 | 68 364 | 77 631 | 96 235 | 156 800 | 210 622 | 255 867 | |
取得全科医生培训合格证 | 72 621 | 98 109 | 108 441 | 120 285 | 131 452 | 156 482 | 151 940 | 154 460 | 152 953 | |
医院 | 21 074 | 25 758 | 30 428 | 31 382 | 34 654 | 49 400 | 51 071 | 60 499 | 72 090 | |
注册为全科医学专业 | 5 817 | 6 260 | 9 395 | 8 936 | 9 517 | 11 223 | 20 966 | 26 931 | 36 396 | |
取得全科医生培训合格证 | 15 257 | 19 498 | 21 033 | 22 446 | 25 137 | 38 177 | 30 105 | 33 568 | 35 694 | |
社区卫生服务中心(站) | 47 863 | 60 181 | 68 914 | 73 288 | 78 337 | 83 933 | 95 603 | 103 841 | 110 190 | |
注册为全科医学专业 | 18 502 | 23 499 | 31 202 | 33 169 | 36 513 | 41 327 | 56 506 | 68 001 | 78 447 | |
取得全科医生培训合格证 | 293 361 | 36 693 | 37 712 | 40 119 | 41 824 | 42 606 | 39 097 | 35 840 | 31 743 | |
乡镇卫生院 | 38 557 | 56 825 | 70 296 | 80 975 | 92 791 | 110 900 | 134 538 | 161 658 | 179 411 | |
注册为全科医学专业 | 12 304 | 16 836 | 22 594 | 25 434 | 30 718 | 41 181 | 64 117 | 90 244 | 110 862 | |
取得全科医生培训合格证 | 26 253 | 39 989 | 47 702 | 55 541 | 62 073 | 69 719 | 70 421 | 71 414 | 68 549 |
Table 2 Number of general practitioners(registered as GPs or obtaining a GP certification after training) in China,2012—2020
人员类别 | 2012年 | 2013年 | 2014年 | 2015年 | 2016年 | 2017年 | 2018年 | 2019年 | 2020年 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
总计 | 109 794 | 145 511 | 172 597 | 188 649 | 209 083 | 252 717 | 308 740 | 365 082 | 408 820 | |
注册为全科医学专业 | 37 173 | 47 402 | 64 156 | 68 364 | 77 631 | 96 235 | 156 800 | 210 622 | 255 867 | |
取得全科医生培训合格证 | 72 621 | 98 109 | 108 441 | 120 285 | 131 452 | 156 482 | 151 940 | 154 460 | 152 953 | |
医院 | 21 074 | 25 758 | 30 428 | 31 382 | 34 654 | 49 400 | 51 071 | 60 499 | 72 090 | |
注册为全科医学专业 | 5 817 | 6 260 | 9 395 | 8 936 | 9 517 | 11 223 | 20 966 | 26 931 | 36 396 | |
取得全科医生培训合格证 | 15 257 | 19 498 | 21 033 | 22 446 | 25 137 | 38 177 | 30 105 | 33 568 | 35 694 | |
社区卫生服务中心(站) | 47 863 | 60 181 | 68 914 | 73 288 | 78 337 | 83 933 | 95 603 | 103 841 | 110 190 | |
注册为全科医学专业 | 18 502 | 23 499 | 31 202 | 33 169 | 36 513 | 41 327 | 56 506 | 68 001 | 78 447 | |
取得全科医生培训合格证 | 293 361 | 36 693 | 37 712 | 40 119 | 41 824 | 42 606 | 39 097 | 35 840 | 31 743 | |
乡镇卫生院 | 38 557 | 56 825 | 70 296 | 80 975 | 92 791 | 110 900 | 134 538 | 161 658 | 179 411 | |
注册为全科医学专业 | 12 304 | 16 836 | 22 594 | 25 434 | 30 718 | 41 181 | 64 117 | 90 244 | 110 862 | |
取得全科医生培训合格证 | 26 253 | 39 989 | 47 702 | 55 541 | 62 073 | 69 719 | 70 421 | 71 414 | 68 549 |
机构类别 | 2010年 | 2011年 | 2012年 | 2013年 | 2014年 | 2015年 | 2016年 | 2017年 | 2018年 | 2019年 | 2020年 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
医疗卫生机构 | 936 927 | 954 389 | 950 297 | 974 398 | 981 432 | 983 528 | 983 394 | 986 649 | 997 433 | 1 007 579 | 1 023 000 | ||
医院 | 20 918 | 21 979 | 23 170 | 24 709 | 25 860 | 27 587 | 29 140 | 31 056 | 33 009 | 34 354 | 35 000 | ||
基层医疗卫生机构 | 901 709 | 918 003 | 912 620 | 915 368 | 917 335 | 920 770 | 926 518 | 933 024 | 943 639 | 954 390 | 971 000 | ||
社区卫生服务中心(站) | 32 739 | 32 860 | 33 562 | 33 965 | 34 238 | 34 321 | 34 327 | 34 652 | 34 997 | 35 013 | 35 000 | ||
乡镇卫生院 | 37 836 | 37 295 | 37 097 | 37 015 | 36 902 | 36 817 | 36 795 | 36 551 | 36 461 | 36 112 | 36 000 | ||
村卫生室 | 648 424 | 662 894 | 653 419 | 648 619 | 645 470 | 640 536 | 638 763 | 632 057 | 622 001 | 616 094 | 610 000 | ||
门诊部(所) | 181 781 | 184 287 | 187 932 | 195 176 | 200 130 | 208 572 | 216 187 | 229 221 | 249 654 | 266 659 | 290 000 | ||
专业公共卫生机构 | 11 835 | 11 926 | 12 083 | 31 155 | 35 029 | 31 927 | 24 866 | 19 896 | 18 033 | 15 958 | 14 000 | ||
疾病预防控制中心 | 3 513 | 3 484 | 3 490 | 3 516 | 3 490 | 3 478 | 3 481 | 3 456 | 3 443 | 3 403 | 3 384 |
Table 3 Number of healthcare institutions in China,2010—2020
机构类别 | 2010年 | 2011年 | 2012年 | 2013年 | 2014年 | 2015年 | 2016年 | 2017年 | 2018年 | 2019年 | 2020年 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
医疗卫生机构 | 936 927 | 954 389 | 950 297 | 974 398 | 981 432 | 983 528 | 983 394 | 986 649 | 997 433 | 1 007 579 | 1 023 000 | ||
医院 | 20 918 | 21 979 | 23 170 | 24 709 | 25 860 | 27 587 | 29 140 | 31 056 | 33 009 | 34 354 | 35 000 | ||
基层医疗卫生机构 | 901 709 | 918 003 | 912 620 | 915 368 | 917 335 | 920 770 | 926 518 | 933 024 | 943 639 | 954 390 | 971 000 | ||
社区卫生服务中心(站) | 32 739 | 32 860 | 33 562 | 33 965 | 34 238 | 34 321 | 34 327 | 34 652 | 34 997 | 35 013 | 35 000 | ||
乡镇卫生院 | 37 836 | 37 295 | 37 097 | 37 015 | 36 902 | 36 817 | 36 795 | 36 551 | 36 461 | 36 112 | 36 000 | ||
村卫生室 | 648 424 | 662 894 | 653 419 | 648 619 | 645 470 | 640 536 | 638 763 | 632 057 | 622 001 | 616 094 | 610 000 | ||
门诊部(所) | 181 781 | 184 287 | 187 932 | 195 176 | 200 130 | 208 572 | 216 187 | 229 221 | 249 654 | 266 659 | 290 000 | ||
专业公共卫生机构 | 11 835 | 11 926 | 12 083 | 31 155 | 35 029 | 31 927 | 24 866 | 19 896 | 18 033 | 15 958 | 14 000 | ||
疾病预防控制中心 | 3 513 | 3 484 | 3 490 | 3 516 | 3 490 | 3 478 | 3 481 | 3 456 | 3 443 | 3 403 | 3 384 |
机构类别 | 总资产 | 负债 | 净资产 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
合计 | 流动资产 | 非流动资产 | ||||
总计 | 595 201 456 | 257 664 323 | 325 653 519 | 264 499 718 | 318 321 670 | |
医院 | 477 948 913 | 213 199 918 | 264 747 149 | 235 426 394 | 242 521 472 | |
综合医院 | 338 612 989 | 149 369 721 | 189 241 422 | 170 861 356 | 167 750 214 | |
基层医疗卫生机构 | 58 297 287 | 22 084 157 | 25 245 672 | 15 394 462 | 31 933 508 | |
社区卫生中心(站) | 14 457 288 | 8 170 280 | 6 287 008 | 5 102 160 | 9 354 840 | |
乡镇卫生院 | 32 493 398 | 13 725 057 | 18 768 341 | 10 146 210 | 22 345 617 |
Table 4 Assets and liabilities of healthcare institutions in China,2020
机构类别 | 总资产 | 负债 | 净资产 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
合计 | 流动资产 | 非流动资产 | ||||
总计 | 595 201 456 | 257 664 323 | 325 653 519 | 264 499 718 | 318 321 670 | |
医院 | 477 948 913 | 213 199 918 | 264 747 149 | 235 426 394 | 242 521 472 | |
综合医院 | 338 612 989 | 149 369 721 | 189 241 422 | 170 861 356 | 167 750 214 | |
基层医疗卫生机构 | 58 297 287 | 22 084 157 | 25 245 672 | 15 394 462 | 31 933 508 | |
社区卫生中心(站) | 14 457 288 | 8 170 280 | 6 287 008 | 5 102 160 | 9 354 840 | |
乡镇卫生院 | 32 493 398 | 13 725 057 | 18 768 341 | 10 146 210 | 22 345 617 |
机构类别 | 总收入 | 总费用/总支出 | 总费用中人员经费 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
合计 | 财政拨款收入 | 事业收入 | 医疗收入 | ||||
总计 | 486 899 801 | 97 144 963 | 364 550 410 | 357 136 076 | 500 186 278 | 168 163 188 | |
医院 | 368 703 016 | 51 514 877 | 304 588 293 | 302 740 140 | 344 467 905 | 123 401 846 | |
综合医院 | 264 065 419 | 34 415 743 | 220 627 669 | 219 366 227 | 249 025 255 | 87 994 814 | |
基层医疗卫生机构 | 75 196 747 | 24 874 395 | 43 424 079 | 42 113 754 | 93 405 078 | 29 516 148 | |
社区卫生服务中心(站) | 22 176 206 | 8 413 375 | 12 939 246 | 12 547 644 | 22 050 583 | 8 024 204 | |
乡镇卫生院 | 34 415 464 | 16 265 624 | 16 709 267 | 16 299 302 | 31 037 313 | 14 827 551 |
Table 5 Revenue and expenditures of healthcare institutions in China,2020
机构类别 | 总收入 | 总费用/总支出 | 总费用中人员经费 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
合计 | 财政拨款收入 | 事业收入 | 医疗收入 | ||||
总计 | 486 899 801 | 97 144 963 | 364 550 410 | 357 136 076 | 500 186 278 | 168 163 188 | |
医院 | 368 703 016 | 51 514 877 | 304 588 293 | 302 740 140 | 344 467 905 | 123 401 846 | |
综合医院 | 264 065 419 | 34 415 743 | 220 627 669 | 219 366 227 | 249 025 255 | 87 994 814 | |
基层医疗卫生机构 | 75 196 747 | 24 874 395 | 43 424 079 | 42 113 754 | 93 405 078 | 29 516 148 | |
社区卫生服务中心(站) | 22 176 206 | 8 413 375 | 12 939 246 | 12 547 644 | 22 050 583 | 8 024 204 | |
乡镇卫生院 | 34 415 464 | 16 265 624 | 16 709 267 | 16 299 302 | 31 037 313 | 14 827 551 |
机构类别 | 2010年 | 2011年 | 2012年 | 2013年 | 2014年 | 2015年 | 2016年 | 2017年 | 2018年 | 2019年 | 2020年 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
总计 | 58.38 | 62.71 | 68.88 | 73.14 | 76.02 | 76.93 | 79.32 | 81.83 | 83.08 | 87.20 | 77.41 | |
医院 | 20.40 | 22.59 | 25.42 | 27.42 | 29.72 | 30.84 | 32.70 | 34.39 | 35.77 | 38.42 | 33.23 | |
综合医院 | 15.11 | 16.74 | 18.74 | 20.16 | 21.82 | 22.57 | 23.85 | 25.02 | 25.89 | 27.79 | 23.86 | |
基层医疗卫生机构 | 36.12 | 38.06 | 41.09 | 43.24 | 43.64 | 43.42 | 43.67 | 44.29 | 44.06 | 45.31 | 41.16 | |
社区卫生服务中心(站) | 4.85 | 5.47 | 5.99 | 6.57 | 6.85 | 7.06 | 7.19 | 7.67 | 7.99 | 8.59 | 7.55 | |
乡镇卫生院 | 9.01 | 8.78 | 9.78 | 10.17 | 10.38 | 10.63 | 10.91 | 11.23 | 11.28 | 11.86 | 11.07 |
Table 6 Number of outpatient visits of healthcare institutions in China,2010—2020
机构类别 | 2010年 | 2011年 | 2012年 | 2013年 | 2014年 | 2015年 | 2016年 | 2017年 | 2018年 | 2019年 | 2020年 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
总计 | 58.38 | 62.71 | 68.88 | 73.14 | 76.02 | 76.93 | 79.32 | 81.83 | 83.08 | 87.20 | 77.41 | |
医院 | 20.40 | 22.59 | 25.42 | 27.42 | 29.72 | 30.84 | 32.70 | 34.39 | 35.77 | 38.42 | 33.23 | |
综合医院 | 15.11 | 16.74 | 18.74 | 20.16 | 21.82 | 22.57 | 23.85 | 25.02 | 25.89 | 27.79 | 23.86 | |
基层医疗卫生机构 | 36.12 | 38.06 | 41.09 | 43.24 | 43.64 | 43.42 | 43.67 | 44.29 | 44.06 | 45.31 | 41.16 | |
社区卫生服务中心(站) | 4.85 | 5.47 | 5.99 | 6.57 | 6.85 | 7.06 | 7.19 | 7.67 | 7.99 | 8.59 | 7.55 | |
乡镇卫生院 | 9.01 | 8.78 | 9.78 | 10.17 | 10.38 | 10.63 | 10.91 | 11.23 | 11.28 | 11.86 | 11.07 |
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