Abstract: Background　Dental caries are common oral diseases of children，and children's eating habits make deciduous teeth easy to have caries.Understanding dietary differences and caries status of preschool children in southern and northern Jiangxi Province is of great significance for caries prevention of children in these two areas.Objective　To understand the caries status and dietary patterns of children aged 3 to 5 in the north and south of Jiangxi Province，and to explore the relationship between caries and dietary patterns，so as to provide scientific basis for caries prevention and treatment in the areas.Methods　From December 2015 to October 2016，1 152 children aged 3 to 5 in southern and northern Jiangxi Province were selected by stratified random cluster sampling method.Clinical examination of preschool children's caries，decayed teeth（dt），missing teeth（mt），filled teeth（ft） and average dental caries（dmft） was carried out by a dental specialist according to World Health Organization standards.Investigators conducted a questionnaire on children's eating patterns.The survey included the preschool children's frequency of eating sweet desserts，drinking sweet drinks and sweetened milk，and eating sweet desserts before going to bed.Results　The caries rate of children in northern Jiangxi Province was 56.3%，which was significantly higher than that of children in southern Jiangxi Province（42.0%）.The difference was statistically significant（χ2=23.354，P<0.001）.The dmft of children in northern Jiangxi Province was（2.99±3.94），which was higher than that of children in southern Jiangxi Province（1.74±2.89）.The difference was statistically significant（Z=5.841，P<0.001）.The frequency of children eating sweet desserts and drinking sweetened milk in southern and northern Jiangxi Province was statistically different（P<0.05）.Logistic regression analysis showed that caries were more likely to occur in children with elder age，high frequency of eating desserts before going to bed in the north of Jiangxi Province（P<0.05）.Spearman correlation analysis showed that the higher the frequency of eating desserts，drinking sweet drinks，and eating desserts before going to bed it was，the more dmft teeth the children had（P<0.05）.Conclusion　The caries rate and dmft of children in northern Jiangxi Province are higher than those of children in southern Jiangxi Province.The caries rate of children is correlated with the frequency of sweet food intake.The eating patterns of children in northern Jiangxi Province are generally sweet.Changing the eating patterns of preschool children in northern Jiangxi Province is of great significance for the prevention of dental caries in children.

Key words: Child, preschool；Dental caries；Diet, cariogenic；Jiangxi

摘要： 背景　龋齿是儿童常见的口腔疾病，幼儿饮食习惯等因素决定了乳牙较易患龋，了解江西省赣南、赣北两地饮食差异与学龄前儿童患龋现状对两地儿童防龋工作具有重要意义。目的　了解江西省赣南赣北两地3~5岁儿童患龋现状与进食模式，探讨患龋与进食的关系，为两地开展儿童龋齿防治工作提供科学依据。方法　于2015年12月—2016年10月，采用分层随机整群抽样法选取江西省赣南、赣北两地3~5岁儿童1 152例为研究对象。由口腔专科医生按照世界卫生组织标准对学龄前儿童乳（恒）牙健康状况进行检查，记录儿童龋齿、乳牙龋坏（dt）、因龋缺失（mt）、因龋填充（ft）数量，并计算龋均（dmft）值。进行儿童进食模式问卷调查，调查内容包括学龄前儿童食用甜点心、饮用甜饮料、饮用加糖牛奶的频率和睡前吃甜点心频率。结果　赣北地区儿童患龋率为56.3%，高于赣南地区儿童的42.0%，差异有统计学意义（χ2=23.354，P<0.001）。赣北地区儿童dmft为（2.99±3.94），高于赣南地区儿童的（1.74±2.89），差异有统计学意义（Z=5.841，P<0.001）。赣南、赣北地区儿童食用甜点心、饮用加糖牛奶的频率差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。Logistic回归分析结果显示，赣北地区、年龄大、睡前吃甜点心频率高者更容易患龋（P<0.05）。Spearman相关分析显示睡前吃甜点心、食用甜点心、饮用甜饮料频率越高，dmft值越高（P<0.05）。结论　江西省赣北地区儿童患龋率与dmft均高于赣南地区，儿童患龋率与甜食进食频率相关，赣北地区儿童进食模式总体偏甜。在赣北地区改变学龄前儿童进食模式，对预防儿童龋齿具有重要意义。

关键词: 儿童, 学龄前；龋齿；膳食, 致龋；江西